Biology Chapter 5 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following pigments enters the body primarily through food?

  • Melanin
  • Carotenoid (correct)
  • Hemoglobin
  • Lipofuscin

Which endogenous pigment is a product of hemoglobin breakdown?

  • Melanin
  • Carotenoid
  • Hemosiderin (correct)
  • Lipofuscin

Which of these structures is categorized as part of the cytoskeleton?

  • Mitochondria
  • Ribosomes
  • Microtubules (correct)
  • Centrosomes

Which organ is known to store the highest amounts of glycogen?

<p>Liver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is classified as an exogenous pigment?

<p>Tattoo ink (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of microtubules in a cell?

<p>Determining cell shape and organizing mitotic spindle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinguishes microfilaments from other cytoskeletal components?

<p>They are composed of actin molecules and are very thin. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cytoplasmic inclusions are primarily responsible for energy storage in animal cells?

<p>Glycogen and fat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about intermediate filaments is accurate?

<p>They provide structural support and vary in composition. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can glycogen be detected in cells using microscopy?

<p>By employing PAS staining. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are exogenous pigments?

<p>Pigments that enter cells from external sources. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cytoplasmic inclusion is NOT typically involved in cellular functions?

<p>Enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do basal bodies play in relation to microtubules?

<p>They act as organizing centers for cilia and flagella formation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is responsible for the formation of secretory proteins?

<p>Attached ribosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structural component of ribosomes?

<p>Ribosomal RNA and proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two cylindrical rodlets found in a centrosome called?

<p>Centrioles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure plays a significant role in maintaining cell shape?

<p>Cytoskeleton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size range of ribosomes?

<p>15-20 nm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of filament is part of the cytoskeleton responsible for cell motility?

<p>Microtubules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are centrioles structurally composed?

<p>Peripheral triplets of microtubules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the centrosome serve during cell division?

<p>Formation of mitotic spindle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Exogenous pigments

Pigments that enter the body from outside sources, primarily through food.

Endogenous pigments

Pigments produced within the body.

Hemoglobin

A vital pigment; gives blood its red color and is essential for respiration.

Ribosomes

Cell organelles composed of two subunits responsible for protein synthesis.

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Melanin

An endogenous pigment found in skin, hair, and eyes.

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Microtubules

Thin protein tubes that determine cell shape and are involved in intracellular transportation and cell division.

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Microfilaments

Thin structures made of actin, important for cell movement and muscle contraction.

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Intermediate Filaments

Filaments with a medium thickness that provide structural support to cells and tissues.

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Cytoplasmic Inclusions

Substances in the cytoplasm that are not involved in cellular processes, but result from product accumulation.

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Stored food (inclusions)

Energy reserves like glycogen (carbohydrate) and fat stored within cells and used for later energy production.

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Exogenous Pigments

Pigments that originate from outside the body and enter cells.

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Endogenous Pigments

Pigments produced within cells.

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Cell Shape

The structure of the cell and its parts that maintain functionality for the overall body

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Ribosomes

Small particles (15-20nm) in cells, responsible for protein synthesis. Exist as attached or free types.

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Attached Ribosomes

Ribosomes bound to the endoplasmic reticulum, involved in producing proteins for secretion.

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Free Ribosomes

Ribosomes free in the cytoplasm, making proteins for the cell's internal use.

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Centrosome

A cell component near the nucleus, containing centrioles and responsible for cell division and cilia.

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Centrioles

Cylindrical structures within the centrosome, made of microtubules. Play role in cell division.

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Cytoskeleton

Network of protein filaments (microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments) maintaining cell shape, attachments, and movement.

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Microtubules

Tubular structures (25nm) made of tubulin, part of the cytoskeleton, involved in cell shape and movement.

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Cell Organelles

Specialized structures within a cell.

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