Biology Chapter 5 Quiz

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the digestive system?

  • Gall bladder
  • Pancreas
  • Stomach (correct)
  • Liver

Individual organisms evolve during their lifetime.

False (B)

What is the primary function of bile in digestion?

Bile emulsifies fat into droplets.

The two components of binomial nomenclature are the ______ and the species.

<p>genus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following kingdoms with their characteristics:

<p>Animalia = Multicellular, heterotrophic, no cell wall Plantae = Multicellular, autotrophic, cell wall made of cellulose Fungi = Mostly multicellular, heterotrophic, cell wall made of chitin Archaea = Prokaryotic, live in extreme environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a phase of the cell cycle?

<p>Glycolysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a monohybrid cross, two traits are examined.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two main requirements for respiration?

<p>a respiratory surface and a moist environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

The genetic condition where there are three copies of chromosome 21 is known as ________ syndrome.

<p>Down's</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart?

<p>Veins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

<p>Phenotype = Observable characteristics Genotype = Genetic makeup or combination of alleles Dominant = Allele that masks the expression of the recessive allele Recessive = Allele whose expression is masked by the dominant allele</p> Signup and view all the answers

Codominance is a type of inheritance where one allele masks another.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a structure within the heart’s conduction system?

<p>Sinoatrial node (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered evidence for evolution?

<p>Personal preferences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lamarck's theory of evolution proposed that characteristics acquired during an organism's lifetime can be passed on to its offspring.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which individuals better suited to their environment survive and produce more offspring?

<p>natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

Changes in DNA that provide new alleles in a species are known as ________.

<p>mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the bottleneck effect in the context of population genetics?

<p>The change in the gene pool that results from a rapid decrease in population size (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Artificial selection is a process where nature selects which organisms survive and reproduce.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of Charles Darwin's book that explains "descent with modification"?

<p>The Origin of Species</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Species

A group of organisms that share a common ancestor and can interbreed.

Taxonomic classification

A system of classifying organisms based on their shared characteristics.

Evolution

The process by which populations of organisms change over time in response to their environment.

Angiosperm

A type of plant that produces seeds enclosed in a fruit.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gymnosperm

A type of plant that produces seeds that are not enclosed in a fruit.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mitosis

The process of cell division where one parent cell gives rise to two identical daughter cells. It involves stages such as prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Meiosis

The process of cell division that produces four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Key steps include meiosis I and meiosis II.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nondisjunction

The failure of chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis, leading to an abnormal number of chromosomes in the resulting gametes. Examples include Down syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, and Turner syndrome.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Phenotype

The observable characteristics of an organism, such as eye color or height.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Genotype

The genetic makeup of an organism, including the alleles it possesses.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Allele

The alternative forms of a gene, responsible for different variations of a trait.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dominant

A type of genetic inheritance where one allele masks the expression of another allele. The dominant allele determines the phenotype.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Recessive

A type of genetic inheritance where an allele's expression is masked by the presence of a dominant allele. The recessive allele is only expressed when two copies are present.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fossils

The study of fossils, which are preserved remains of ancient organisms. Fossils provide evidence of past life and help us trace evolutionary history.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Speciation

A theory that describes how new species arise. Speciation can occur when populations become isolated and evolve independently, leading to reproductive isolation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics

States that characteristics acquired during an organism's lifetime are passed on to its offspring. This theory was later disproven.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Natural Selection

The process by which individuals with traits that make them better suited to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully. It is a key driver of evolution.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Artificial Selection

The process by which humans selectively breed organisms for desirable traits. This has led to the development of many domestic animals and crops.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mutations

Changes in the DNA sequence that create new alleles. Mutations are the only source of new genetic variation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Genetic Drift

The change in the frequencies of alleles in a population due to random chance events, such as natural disasters or small population size.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Exam Information

  • Date: Friday, January 24
  • Time: 8:50 AM
  • Location: Room 250
  • Length: 2 hours

Exam Outline

  • SCANTRON
    • 45 Multiple Choice questions (45 marks)
    • 25 Matching questions (25 marks)
  • 4 Short Answer Questions (3 are mandatory) (25 marks)
  • Labeling Diagrams (8 marks)
  • Total: 103 marks

Hint

  • All exam questions are covered in the PowerPoint
  • Some concepts are not on the exam
  • Review the image for concepts to ignore

Topics to Study

  • Genetic Processes
  • Cell Cycle
  • Genetic Material (DNA, RNA)
  • Interphase, Mitosis, Meiosis, Cytokinesis
  • Errors in Meiosis (e.g., Nondisjunction)
  • Human Chromosomes
  • Mendelian Genetics
  • Terms: phenotype, genotype, dominant, recessive, allele, gene
  • Monohybrid Cross
  • Non-Mendelian Genetics
  • Incomplete Dominance vs. Codominance
  • Multiple Alleles (Blood Types)
  • Patterns of Inheritance
  • X-linked, autosomal inheritance
  • Genetic Diseases (X-linked and autosomal)
  • Animal Structure and Function
  • Cell Parts and Functions (nucleus, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, ribosomes, mitochondrion, lysosome, Golgi body)
  • Circulatory System
  • Components of blood (plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets)
  • Blood Vessels (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins)
  • Heart Structures and Function
  • Heart Conduction System
  • Heart Sounds
  • Systemic Circulation, Cardiac Circulation, Pulmonary Circulation
  • Blood Pressure
  • Cardiac Technologies and Diseases (arrhythmias, ECG, myocardial infarction)
  • Respiratory System
  • Organs/Parts of Respiratory System and Functions (nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, left/right lung, bronchus, bronchiole, diaphragm, alveoli)
  • 2 Main Requirements for Respiration
  • Mechanics of Respiration (inhalation and exhalation)
  • Lung capacity - values, spirometer
  • Respiratory Disorders (e.g., emphysema, asthma)
  • Digestive System
  • Organs/Parts of Digestive System (mouth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, large intestine, rectum, anus, pancreas, spleen, salivary glands, parotid gland, sublingual gland, submandibular glands)
  • Accessory Digestive Organs (gall bladder, liver, pancreas)
  • Enzymes and Nutrients - 4 Macromolecules
  • Why do we need to eat vegetables if mammals can't digest cellulose
  • Mechanical/Physical Digestion and Chemical Digestion
  • Digestion in the mouth, stomach, small intestine
  • Absorption of Nutrients in Small Intestine
  • Absorption of water and water-soluble vitamins in Large Intestine
  • Digestive Disorders (e.g., hiatal hernia, GERD)
  • Diversity of Living Things
  • Classification (Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species)
  • Binomial Nomenclature
  • Dichotomous Key for Leaves
  • Viruses (structure, reproduction methods)
  • Plants (characteristics of plants, parts of flowers, gymnosperms and angiosperms)
  • Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
  • Archaea vs. Bacteria
  • Gram-positive vs. Gram-negative bacteria

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

SBI3U Biology Exam Review PDF

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser