Biology Chapter 5: Cellular Functions
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of cellular respiration in cells?

  • To remove waste products
  • To make energy (ATP) (correct)
  • To absorb nutrients
  • To replicate DNA

During which phase of interphase does DNA replication occur?

  • M phase
  • G1 phase
  • G2 phase
  • S phase (correct)

In which part of the cell does most of cellular respiration take place?

  • Mitochondria (correct)
  • Nucleus
  • Cytoplasm
  • Ribosome

What type of molecule is water classified as?

<p>Polar molecule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of chromosomes/DNA in eukaryotic cells?

<p>To carry genetic information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biomolecule is primarily responsible for short-term energy?

<p>Carbohydrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure is involved in controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell?

<p>Cell membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell primarily grow and replicate its DNA?

<p>Interphase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the DNA molecule referred to as?

<p>Double helix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic building block or monomer of carbohydrates?

<p>Monosaccharide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is homeostasis?

The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment.

What is cellular respiration?

The process by which cells produce energy by breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen.

What are amino acids?

The building blocks of proteins.

What happens during interphase?

DNA is replicated and the cell grows.

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What is diffusion?

The movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

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Cellular Respiration

The process by which cells break down glucose to produce energy (ATP). It occurs in three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.

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Mitochondria

The organelle responsible for the majority of cellular respiration, particularly the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain.

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Mitosis

The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

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DNA

A molecule that carries genetic information, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is made up of nucleotides and arranged in the form of chromosomes.

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Universal Solvent

The ability of a substance to dissolve other substances. Water is a good example because it can dissolve a wide variety of materials, making it essential for many biological processes.

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