Biology Chapter 4 Practice Quiz

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Questions and Answers

How does extreme heat influence crop quality?

Longer bloom period

Loss of sweetness in fruit (correct)

Larger flowers and fruit

Higher yields due to increased photosynthesis

Which is correct about photosynthesis?

Uses oxygen

Stores energy (correct)

Occurs 24 hours a day

Releases water and carbon dioxide

In the arid climate of the west, what is the influence on neighborhood summer temperatures when water restrictions prohibit land irrigation?

Little influence if we use more native plants

Little influence if we just plant more large trees to add shade

Temperatures rise significantly (correct)

Being environmentally responsible, we should avoid landscape irrigation

Which degree of shade has the lowest amount of light?

Closed canopy Signup and view all the answers

In photoperiod effects, if a short-day plant is given a short night, it will?

Grows vegetatively Signup and view all the answers

What does hardiness zone indicate?

Average minimum temperature for a geographic area Signup and view all the answers

Which is correct about flower gardens in cooler, higher elevation mountain communities?

Avoid late summer and fall blooming plants Signup and view all the answers

Which is correct about temperatures for cool season crops such as broccoli and cauliflower?

For growth, optimum temperatures are 65 to 80 degrees Signup and view all the answers

Which is correct about temperatures for warm season crops like tomatoes?

Germinates with soil temperatures from 50 to 100 degrees Signup and view all the answers

Which degree of shade is on the north side of a building where direct sunlight is blocked during much of the day?

Open shade Signup and view all the answers

Which is correct about microclimates?

Temperatures drop with a rise in elevation Signup and view all the answers

How does a sudden and significant drop in winter temperatures affect a woody plant's hardiness?

Plants are often damaged by a sudden large decline in temperatures Signup and view all the answers

Bud break and blooming of temperate zone woody plants is controlled by the rest period. What is the rest period?

Accumulation of hours below rest period threshold temperatures (typically 45 degrees) Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a generic symptom of water stress?

Delayed fall color Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a symptom of waterlogged soils?

Yellowing of older leaves Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a factor of plant hardiness?

Average frost rate Signup and view all the answers

What does the following equation describe? C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + energy

Respiration Signup and view all the answers

Which is a factor in how a plant balances top growth with root growth?

Gibberellins produced in the root growing tips promote canopy growth Signup and view all the answers

How does a plant know up from down?

Auxins accumulate on the lower side of a stem, causing cells to elongate turning the stem up Signup and view all the answers

How does a plant grow toward light?

Auxins accumulate on a shady side causing cells to elongate and turn towards the light Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Crop Quality and Heat

Extreme heat leads to a loss of sweetness in fruit, affecting the overall quality of crops.

Photosynthesis Fundamentals

Photosynthesis is primarily a process that stores energy for plants.

Effects of Water Restrictions

In arid climates, lack of irrigation significantly raises neighborhood summer temperatures.

Shade Types and Light Levels

Closed canopy provides the lowest amount of light compared to other shade types.

Photoperiod Effects on Plant Growth

Short-day plants grow vegetatively when given a short night, affecting blooming patterns.

Hardiness Zones

The hardiness zone indicates the average minimum temperature of a geographic area, crucial for plant survival.

Flower Gardens in Mountain Communities

In cooler, higher elevation areas, it is advisable to avoid late summer and fall blooming plants due to shorter growing seasons.

Temperature Needs for Cool Season Crops

Cool season crops like broccoli and cauliflower thrive at optimum temperatures between 65 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit.

Warm Season Crop Temperature Requirements

Warm season crops, such as tomatoes, require soil temperatures between 50 to 100 degrees for germination.

Shade Definitions

Open shade occurs on the north side of a building, where direct sunlight is blocked throughout the day.

Microclimates

Temperature decreases with elevation, impacting plant growth and adaptation in different areas.

Impact of Sudden Temperature Drops

Woody plants can sustain damage from sudden drops in winter temperatures, particularly with significant declines.

Rest Period in Woody Plants

The rest period is defined as the accumulation of hours below the threshold temperature, typically set at 45 degrees Fahrenheit.

Water Stress Symptoms

Common symptoms of water stress in plants include decline from the top down, leaf scorch, and small, discolored leaves; delayed fall color is not a typical symptom.

Symptoms of Waterlogged Soils

Symptoms of waterlogged soils include plant wilting, root rot, and decreased root growth; yellowing of older leaves is not a characteristic for waterlogged conditions.

Factors Influencing Plant Hardiness

Factors influencing plant hardiness do not include average frost rate; other factors like recent temperature changes and carbohydrate reserves play critical roles.

Respiration Equation

The equation C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + energy describes respiration, a vital process for energy release in plants.

Growth Balance in Plants

Gibberellins produced in root growing tips encourage canopy growth, showing the interplay between top and root development.

Plant Orientation and Growth

Auxins play a key role in how a plant senses its orientation, accumulating on the lower side to promote upward growth.

Light Direction and Plant Growth

Plants grow toward light due to auxin accumulation on the shade side, which elongates cells and directs growth upward.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the effects of extreme heat on crops and the process of photosynthesis with this Chapter 4 practice quiz. This quiz includes flashcards that will help reinforce key concepts related to plant biology and environmental factors affecting growth.