Biology Chapter 4: Carbon Skeleton and Functional Groups

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Which monosaccharide is found in the disaccharide sucrose?

Glucose

Maltose

Galactose

Fructose (correct)

In which type of chain is cellulose composed?

Maltose chain

a-glucose chain

b-glucose chain (correct)

Galactose chain

What is the primary function of chitin in animals and fungi?

Carbon source

Building material for plant cell walls

Structural support (correct)

Energy resource

What gives a protein its 3-D shape, including folds and coils?

Tertiary structure Signup and view all the answers

Which nucleic acid carries information from DNA to ribosomes?

mRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a metabolic intermediate?

Participating in enzymatic reactions Signup and view all the answers

How do functional groups contribute to the properties and reactions of organic compounds?

By influencing the chemical reactivity and polarity of the compound Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of carbon chains varying in length and shape in organic molecules?

It influences the molecular weight and structural diversity of the molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of lipids in living organisms?

Serving as a structural component in cell membranes Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of nucleic acids that distinguishes them from other biological molecules?

Their ability to store and transmit genetic information Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a carbohydrate in living organisms?

Serving as a reserve energy source Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cellulose in plant cell walls?

To provide structural support and strength Signup and view all the answers

Which polysaccharide is primarily responsible for storing glucose in liver and muscle cells?

Glycogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of chitin in arthropods?

Structural support in cell walls Signup and view all the answers

Which type of protein structure is characterized by a 3-D shape with folds and coils?

Tertiary structure Signup and view all the answers

Which nucleic acid stores hereditary information in the form of double-stranded helix with Thymine bases?

DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of myoglobin protein in cells?

Oxygen storage and transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of nucleotides in DNA and RNA?

Encoding genetic information Signup and view all the answers

Which amino acid substitution in a protein causes sickle-cell disease?

Glutamic acid to valine Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond forms between amino acids in a protein?

Peptide bond Signup and view all the answers

In which organelle is starch, a polysaccharide, primarily synthesized?

Chloroplast Signup and view all the answers