Biology Chapter 28 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Coordination of balance and body movement is controlled by the:

  • Brain Stem
  • Cerebellum (correct)
  • Cerebrum
  • Medulla

The _________ nervous system consists of 31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves.

  • Autonomic
  • Central
  • Somatic
  • Peripheral (correct)

The body's functions that occur without conscious effort are regulated by the _________ nervous system.

  • Voluntary
  • Sensory
  • Somatic
  • Autonomic (correct)

Which of the following statements regarding the cranium is correct?

<p>Eighty percent of the cranium is occupied by brain tissue. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cervical spine is composed of _____ vertebrae.

<p>7 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lacerations to the scalp:

<p>May be an indicator of deeper, more serious injuries. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following skull fractures would be the LEAST likely to present with palpable deformity or other outward signs?

<p>Linear (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient who cannot remember the events that preceded his or her head injury is experiencing:

<p>Retrograde Amnesia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When caring for a patient with a possible head injury, it is MOST important to monitor the patient's:

<p>Level of consciousness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During your primary assessment of a semiconscious 30-year-old female with closed head trauma, you note that she has slow, irregular breathing and a slow, bounding pulse. As your partner maintains manual in-line stabilization of her head, you should:

<p>Instruct him to assist her ventilations while you perform a rapid assessment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When assessing a conscious patient with an MOI that suggests spinal injury, you should:

<p>Determine if the strength in all extremities is equal. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following a head injury, a 20-year-old female opens her eyes spontaneously, is confused, and obeys your commands to move her extremities. You should assign her a GCS score of:

<p>14 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The MOST important immediate treatment for patients with a head injury, regardless of severity, is to:

<p>Establish an adequate airway. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When controlling bleeding from a scalp laceration with a suspected underlying skull fracture, you should:

<p>Avoid excessive pressure when applying the bandage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When placing a patient onto a long backboard, the EMT at the patient's _________ is in charge of all patient movements.

<p>Head (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding cervical collars is correct?

<p>A cervical collar is used in addition to, not instead of, manual immobilization. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Nervous System Overview

  • Coordination of balance and body movement is managed by the cerebellum.
  • The peripheral nervous system includes 31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
  • The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary body functions.

Cranium and Brain Facts

  • Eighty percent of the cranium is occupied by brain tissue.
  • Seven vertebrae make up the cervical spine.

Scalp Injuries and Fractures

  • Lacerations to the scalp may indicate deeper, more serious injuries.
  • Linear skull fractures are least likely to show outward deformities or signs.

Amnesia and Consciousness

  • Retrograde amnesia occurs when a patient cannot recall events preceding a head injury.
  • Monitoring the level of consciousness is crucial in head injury care.

Patient Assessment and Management

  • When assessing for spinal injuries, determine if strength in all extremities is equal.
  • A GCS score of 14 is given to a patient who opens her eyes spontaneously, is confused, and obeys commands.
  • Establishing an adequate airway is the most critical immediate treatment for head injury patients.

Managing Bleeding and Immobility

  • To control bleeding from scalp lacerations with a suspected skull fracture, avoid excessive pressure when applying a bandage.
  • The EMT at the head is responsible for all patient movements when placing onto a long backboard.

Cervical Collar Application

  • A cervical collar must be used in addition to manual immobilization, not as a replacement.

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