Questions and Answers
What do bacteria and archaea differ in?
The makeup of their cell walls.
Escherichia Coli is classified as what?
A bacterium.
What is not a way in which archaea and bacteria differ?
Lytic cycle & lysogenic cycle.
Which may be members of the kingdom archaea?
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Which of the bacterial cells shown in 20-2 is a coccus?
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What can survive either with or without oxygen?
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Some prokaryotes are able to survive unfavorable conditions by forming _
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What three characteristics are used to classify prokaryotes?
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Where are you likely to find a photoautotroph?
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Prokaryotes lived near what geological feature?
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What process do prokaryotes use to exchange genetic information?
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What is not produced when prokaryotes break down sewage?
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Study Notes
Prokaryotic Differences
- Bacteria and Archaea have distinct cell wall structures, which is a fundamental difference between the two domains.
Escherichia Coli
- Escherichia Coli, commonly known as E. Coli, is a well-studied example of a bacterium, demonstrating features typical of prokaryotes.
Viral Cycles
- Lytic and lysogenic cycles are processes associated with viral reproduction but do not differentiate Archaea from Bacteria.
Characteristics of E.Coli
- E. Coli can be classified as part of the domain Bacteria, while members of the domain Archaea include extremophiles and methanogens.
Bacterial Shapes
- Bacteria can exhibit various shapes; coccus refers specifically to spherical bacteria.
- Identification of bacterial shapes is important for classification in microbiology.
Oxygen Usage in Prokaryotes
- Facultative anaerobes are able to grow in both aerobic (with oxygen) and anaerobic (without oxygen) environments, showcasing versatility in energy metabolism.
Endospores
- Certain prokaryotes form endospores to endure harsh environmental conditions, providing resilience in unfavorable environments.
Classification Criteria
- Prokaryotes are classified based on three main characteristics: shape, movement, and energy acquisition methods.
Habitat of Photoautotrophs
- Photoautotrophs are typically found on the surfaces of lakes and streams, where light availability supports their photosynthetic activity.
Chemoautotrophs
- Chemoautotrophs thrive in extreme environments, such as near volcanic vents, utilizing inorganic compounds for energy.
Genetic Exchange in Prokaryotes
- Conjugation is the process through which prokaryotes can exchange genetic material, enhancing genetic diversity.
Prokaryotic Role in Ecosystems
- When prokaryotes break down sewage, they primarily produce nutrients and energy but do not directly produce food for other organisms.
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Description
Test your understanding of bacteria and archaea with these flashcards focused on key concepts from Chapter 20. Explore definitions, classifications, and differences between these two domains of life. Perfect for studying and reinforcing your knowledge in microbiology.
