Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is immigration?
What is immigration?
What is emigration?
What is emigration?
What is gene flow?
What is gene flow?
Process of a gene moving from one population to another.
What is genetic drift?
What is genetic drift?
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What is sexual selection?
What is sexual selection?
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What is stabilizing selection?
What is stabilizing selection?
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What is disruptive selection?
What is disruptive selection?
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What is directional selection?
What is directional selection?
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List five conditions that can disrupt genetic equilibrium.
List five conditions that can disrupt genetic equilibrium.
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Explain the role of mutations in evolution.
Explain the role of mutations in evolution.
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Contrast gene flow with genetic drift.
Contrast gene flow with genetic drift.
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Explain why genetic drift is more significant in smaller populations.
Explain why genetic drift is more significant in smaller populations.
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Contrast stabilizing selection, disruptive selection, and directional selection.
Contrast stabilizing selection, disruptive selection, and directional selection.
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Study Notes
Population Dynamics
- Immigration: Refers to individuals moving into a population, which can increase population size.
- Emigration: Involves the movement of individuals out of a population, resulting in a decrease in population size.
Genetic Processes
- Gene Flow: The transfer of genetic material between populations, which can introduce new genes or alleles to a gene pool.
- Genetic Drift: A random change in allele frequencies within a population, particularly significant in small populations due to chance events.
Selection Types
- Sexual Selection: A process where certain traits in males are favored for selection by females, influencing mating success.
- Stabilizing Selection: Favors average traits in individuals, leading to higher fitness for those with traits near the mean.
- Disruptive Selection: A form of natural selection that favors individuals at both extremes of a trait distribution, potentially leading to speciation.
- Directional Selection: Occurs when one extreme of a trait is favored, shifting the population traits towards that extreme.
Evolutionary Mechanisms
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Disruption of Genetic Equilibrium: Five conditions that can alter allele frequencies, promoting evolution:
- Changes in allele frequencies due to mutations.
- A constant population size.
- Presence of a large population minimizes fluctuations.
- Random mating conditions.
- Absence of natural selection.
Role of Mutations
- Mutations generate genetic variation that serves as the substrate for natural selection, influencing evolutionary change.
Comparisons and Contrasts
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Gene Flow vs. Genetic Drift:
- Gene flow introduces new genetic material, whereas genetic drift leads to accumulation of changes in a population over time.
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Stabilizing vs. Disruptive vs. Directional Selection:
- Directional Selection favors one extreme trait, shifting the mean trait value.
- Disruptive Selection supports extreme traits over intermediates, increasing variance and facilitating speciation.
- Stabilizing Selection promotes intermediate traits, reducing variance and genetic diversity.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Explore key concepts in Biology Chapter 16.2 with this set of flashcards. Each card presents a vital term and its definition, focusing on immigration, emigration, gene flow, and genetic drift. Perfect for students looking to deepen their understanding of population dynamics.
