26 Questions
What controls breathing in the body?
The breathing center in the brain's medulla
What is the role of the inspiratory center in the brain?
It increases inspiration rate and depth
How is oxygen primarily transported in the bloodstream?
Bound to red blood cells as oxyhemoglobin
What is the role of carbonic anhydrase in the lungs?
It facilitates the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin
How can conscious or unconscious control over breathing be exerted?
Through the cerebral cortex
How can emotions influence the respiratory center?
Through the limbic system
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide
Which property of the respiratory surface is MOST important for efficient gas exchange?
Thinness
What is the primary function of the nose in the respiratory system?
To filter and warm the air before it enters the lungs
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the respiratory surface?
Impermeable
At which level does the respiration process occur?
Both cellular and organismic levels
What is the main function of the larynx?
To produce sound for speech
What is the purpose of the epiglottis in the larynx?
To close off the larynx during swallowing
Which of the following is not a part of the larynx?
Bronchi
What is the main function of the alveoli in the lower respiratory tract?
To exchange gases between the air and blood
What is the main purpose of the trachea in the lower respiratory tract?
To move air in and out of the lungs
What is the primary function of the pharynx?
To connect the oral and nasal cavities to the esophagus and larynx
Which of the following best describes the shape of the pharynx?
Funnel-shaped
What are the two main systems the pharynx serves?
Digestive and respiratory
Which of the following structures is not connected to the pharynx?
Nasal cavities
What is the role of the epiglottis and larynx?
To filter air and prevent liquids from entering the air passages
What is the function of the trachea?
To transport air to and from the lungs
How are the bronchi structured?
The trachea divides into primary bronchi, which further branch into secondary and tertiary bronchi
What is the function of alveoli?
To facilitate gas exchange with the blood due to their thin walls
What is the approximate number of alveoli in the human lungs?
700 million
What is the primary function of bronchioles?
To divide the airway into smaller branches leading to the alveoli
This quiz covers the respiration process at cellular and organismic levels, as well as the properties of a respiratory surface. Topics include the breakdown of complex organic compounds, gaseous exchange, and the characteristics of an effective respiratory surface.
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