Biology Chapter 14: Respiration
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Questions and Answers

What controls breathing in the body?

  • The cerebral cortex
  • The heart
  • The breathing center in the brain's medulla (correct)
  • The lungs
  • What is the role of the inspiratory center in the brain?

  • It regulates the limbic system
  • It controls the expiratory center
  • It inhibits inspiration and stimulates expiration
  • It increases inspiration rate and depth (correct)
  • How is oxygen primarily transported in the bloodstream?

  • Dissolved in plasma
  • Bound to red blood cells as oxyhemoglobin (correct)
  • Transported by the cerebral cortex
  • Carried by the respiratory center
  • What is the role of carbonic anhydrase in the lungs?

    <p>It facilitates the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can conscious or unconscious control over breathing be exerted?

    <p>Through the cerebral cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can emotions influence the respiratory center?

    <p>Through the limbic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

    <p>To inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property of the respiratory surface is MOST important for efficient gas exchange?

    <p>Thinness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nose in the respiratory system?

    <p>To filter and warm the air before it enters the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the respiratory surface?

    <p>Impermeable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which level does the respiration process occur?

    <p>Both cellular and organismic levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the larynx?

    <p>To produce sound for speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the epiglottis in the larynx?

    <p>To close off the larynx during swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a part of the larynx?

    <p>Bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the alveoli in the lower respiratory tract?

    <p>To exchange gases between the air and blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the trachea in the lower respiratory tract?

    <p>To move air in and out of the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pharynx?

    <p>To connect the oral and nasal cavities to the esophagus and larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the shape of the pharynx?

    <p>Funnel-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main systems the pharynx serves?

    <p>Digestive and respiratory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is not connected to the pharynx?

    <p>Nasal cavities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the epiglottis and larynx?

    <p>To filter air and prevent liquids from entering the air passages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the trachea?

    <p>To transport air to and from the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the bronchi structured?

    <p>The trachea divides into primary bronchi, which further branch into secondary and tertiary bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of alveoli?

    <p>To facilitate gas exchange with the blood due to their thin walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate number of alveoli in the human lungs?

    <p>700 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of bronchioles?

    <p>To divide the airway into smaller branches leading to the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

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