Biology Chapter 14 Part 2 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What could be a density-dependent limiting factor?

Natural disasters

Sunlight availability

Competition (correct)

Climate changes

What type of population growth is shown in the graph?

Exponential growth

Hawaii's lush tropical forests arose from a process of

Succession

Pioneer species are the first

Organisms to live in previously uninhabited areas Signup and view all the answers

The reestablishment of a damaged ecosystem in an area where the soil is intact is called

Secondary succession Signup and view all the answers

What process occurred after the 1988 forest fires in Yellowstone National Park?

Secondary succession Signup and view all the answers

What could be said about the food supply of the Daphnia population shown in the graph?

It has a large food supply Signup and view all the answers

An alder tree is not a pioneer species because

Smaller organisms come before trees in succession Signup and view all the answers

An example of a density-independent factor would be ____________________.

an earthquake Signup and view all the answers

What process first occurred on the new island of Surtsey formed by volcanic eruptions?

Volcanic rock broke down into soil Signup and view all the answers

What type of population dispersion would you expect bobcats to have?

Uniform dispersion Signup and view all the answers

After how many hours does the yeast population reach carrying capacity?

15 hours Signup and view all the answers

What amount of yeast constitutes the carrying capacity shown in the graph?

6.0 mg/cc Signup and view all the answers

What is the amount of yeast in the graph at the 6-hour mark?

1.5 mg/cc Signup and view all the answers

Describe what is happening to the yeasts at time 8 hours.

The population is growing Signup and view all the answers

What type of population growth does the graph show? How do you know?

Logistic growth; The curve has a period of exponential growth, but then levels off at a stable size. Signup and view all the answers

What does density dependent mean?

Limiting factor that depends on population size Signup and view all the answers

What does logistic growth mean?

Growth pattern in which a population's growth rate slows or stops following a period of exponential growth Signup and view all the answers

What does exponential growth refer to?

Growth whose rate becomes ever more rapid in proportion to the growing total number or size. Signup and view all the answers

What is predation?

An interaction in which one organism kills another for food. Signup and view all the answers

What are pioneer species?

First species to populate an area during primary succession Signup and view all the answers

What is secondary succession?

Reestablishment of a damaged ecosystem in an area where the soil was left intact Signup and view all the answers

What is pioneer succession?

The first species to populate an area Signup and view all the answers

What is Daphnia?

Water flea Signup and view all the answers

What does clumped dispersion mean?

The most common pattern of dispersion; individuals aggregated in patches. Signup and view all the answers

What does random dispersion refer to?

Individuals are spread randomly within an area or volume Signup and view all the answers

What does uniform dispersion mean?

Individuals are evenly distributed. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Population Dynamics and Ecology

Density-dependent limiting factors are influenced by population size, with competition being a primary example.
Exponential growth occurs when the growth rate accelerates in relation to the population's size.
Bobcats exhibit uniform dispersion due to their solitary nature and territorial hunting behavior.

Ecological Succession

Succession is the process by which ecosystems develop and change over time.
Pioneer species are the first organisms to inhabit previously barren areas, facilitating the establishment of new ecosystems.
Secondary succession refers to the recovery of ecosystems where the soil remains intact after disturbance, such as following forest fires.

Ecosystem Recovery

The 1988 Yellowstone National Park forest fires triggered secondary succession as life gradually returned to the area.
The formation of new islands, like Surtsey near Iceland, begins with volcanic rock breaking down into soil, paving the way for plant colonization.

Population Capacity and Growth Patterns

Yeast populations exhibit logistic growth, characterized by an initial period of rapid growth that eventually stabilizes at carrying capacity.
The carrying capacity for yeast, as noted, reaches 6.0 mg/cc after 15 hours, indicating the maximum sustainable population size in that environment.
At the 6-hour mark in the yeast growth curve, the population is measured at 1.5 mg/cc, showing initial growth.

Interactions and Species Characteristics

Density-independent factors, like earthquakes, affect populations regardless of size, contrasting with density-dependent factors like food competition.
Predation is an ecological interaction where one organism kills another for sustenance.
Clumped dispersion is the most common spatial arrangement in populations; individuals tend to cluster in specific areas, while random dispersion involves individuals being spread unpredictably within a habitat.

Key Definitions

Logistic growth signifies slowed growth after rapid expansion, a common pattern in natural populations.
Daphnia refers to small aquatic organisms commonly known as water fleas and serve as an important food source in freshwater ecosystems.
Different patterns of population dispersion include clumped, random, and uniform arrangements, each reflecting distinct ecological dynamics.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts from Biology Chapter 14 Part 2. This quiz covers topics such as population dynamics, growth patterns, and ecological succession. Use these flashcards to reinforce your understanding of density-dependent factors and pioneer species.