Biological Factors and Theories of Aggression

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Questions and Answers

What is one way exposure to violence on television can lead to aggression?

  • By modelling aggressive behavior and its rewards (correct)
  • By increasing empathy towards others
  • By desensitizing individuals to violence
  • By promoting nonaggressive responses

What effect does exposure to violence in the media have on physiological arousal?

  • It decreases the likelihood of acting on aggressive feelings
  • It leads to an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and skin's conductance of electricity (correct)
  • It reduces physiological reactions to aggressive images
  • It promotes misattribution of the cause of arousal

How can desensitization contribute to reducing reactions to aggression?

  • By promoting nonaggressive responses
  • By increasing empathy towards others
  • By modeling aggressive behavior and its rewards
  • By reducing people's psychological and physiological reactions to aggressive images over time (correct)

What is one way of reducing aggression according to the text?

<p>Punishing aggressive behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Arousal can energize, or heighten, whatever a person is already feeling." What does this imply?

<p>&quot;Arousal can increase the likelihood a person will act on his/her feelings&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influence does culture have on aggression according to the text?

<p>Cultural norms and values toward aggression may change over time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of culture is domestic violence higher according to the text?

<p>Collectivistic cultures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is power-distance according to the text?

<p>Extent to which status and hierarchical relationships are valued in a culture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do peaceful societies differ from others according to the text?

<p>Intense focus on intergroup cooperation and avoidance of competition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are rates of some types of aggression higher within the U.S. according to the text?

<p>In the South compared to those in the Northeast and Midwest (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of emotional/hostile aggression?

<p>Inflicting harm for its own sake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biological factor predicts aggression by suggesting it as an innate, hardwired part of human nature?

<p>Instinct (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud's theory, what is the drive that leads to aggression?

<p>Death wish or drive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Lorenz's instinct theory propose as the reason for our innate drive to aggress against others?

<p>Our innate drive to live (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Approximately how many children are estimated to experience abuse each year?

<p>1 billion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of violence against children is perpetrated by parents or caregivers?

<p>84% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Niv et al. find regarding highly aggressive children?

<p>They are more likely to be aggressive in later life. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did biological factors predict regarding aggression?

<p>Its instinctual nature. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential percentage of the variance in aggression caused by genetic factors?

<p>41% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are males generally more aggressive than females?

<p>Presence of testosterone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does high testosterone lead to?

<p>Increased readiness to react aggressively (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Frustration-Aggression Theory, what is displacement?

<p>Redirecting aggression towards certain people (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Relative deprivation" can lead to aggression due to:

<p>&quot;Unfair&quot; comparison with other groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Cognitive-Neoassociation Theory, what can lead to aggression?

<p>Negative affective events (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Excitation Transfer Theory propose about arousal and aggression?

<p>Arousal can be misattributed as aggression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Social Learning Theory, how do children learn aggressive behavior?

<p>By observing or modeling others’ behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the General Aggression Model suggest about exposure to cues of aggression?

<p>It can trigger aggressive thoughts and feelings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about the influence of hot temperatures on aggression?

<p>Hot temperatures increase physiological arousal and hostile feelings/thoughts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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