Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What are the names of the innermost, middle, and outermost layers of the heart wall?
Endocardium, myocardium, epicardium
What is the name of the sac that encloses the heart?
Pericardium
What is the heart's upper receiving chamber on each side called? What is the lower pumping chamber called?
Atrium; Ventricle
What is the purpose of the valves of the heart?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the system that supplies blood to the myocardium?
Signup and view all the answers
What name is given to the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle? The relaxation phase?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the cardiac output? What two factors determine cardiac output?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the scientific name for the heart's pacemaker?
Signup and view all the answers
What system exerts the main influence on the rate and strength of heart contractions?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a heart murmur?
Signup and view all the answers
What do ECG and EKG stand for?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the general term for using a thin tube threaded through a vessel for diagnosis or repair?
Signup and view all the answers
What techniques use dye and x-rays to visualize the coronary arteries?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the three types of heart inflammation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an abnormal heart rhythm called?
Signup and view all the answers
What is congenital heart disease?
Signup and view all the answers
What types of organisms cause rheumatic fever?
Signup and view all the answers
What degenerative process commonly causes narrowing of the vessels and coronary artery disease?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the medical term for a heart attack?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the general name for a device that restores the normal heart rhythm?
Signup and view all the answers
How do aspirin and Warfarin act to prevent heart attacks?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name for a device that is wired to the heart to regulate the heartbeat?
Signup and view all the answers
What does CABG stand for?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Heart Anatomy and Structure
- The innermost layer of the heart wall is called the endocardium.
- The myocardium is the middle layer responsible for heart contractions.
- The outermost layer is the epicardium.
- The heart is enclosed in a protective sac known as the pericardium.
Heart Chambers and Function
- The atria are the upper receiving chambers of the heart, with one on each side.
- The ventricles are the lower pumping chambers, also one on each side.
- Valves ensure the proper direction of blood flow through the heart.
Circulatory System
- Coronary circulation supplies blood specifically to the myocardium.
- Cardiac output refers to the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute, calculated by multiplying stroke volume and heart rate.
Cardiac Cycle and Regulation
- The contraction phase of the cardiac cycle is known as systole while the relaxation phase is called diastole.
- The sinoatrial node (SA node) serves as the heart's natural pacemaker.
- The autonomic nervous system significantly influences the rate and strength of heart contractions.
Heart Sounds and Diagnostic Tools
- An abnormal heart sound is termed a heart murmur.
- ECG or EKG refers to electrocardiogram or electrocardiography, used to monitor heart activity.
- Catheterization involves threading a thin tube through a vessel for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
Imaging Techniques
- Coronary angiography and coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) visualize coronary arteries using dye and X-rays.
Heart Inflammation and Conditions
- Types of heart inflammation include endocarditis, myocarditis, and pericarditis.
- Arrhythmia and dysrhythmia refer to abnormal heart rhythms.
- Congenital heart disease is a heart disorder present at birth.
- Rheumatic fever can be caused by certain strains of streptococci.
Cardiovascular Diseases
- Atherosclerosis leads to narrowing of blood vessels, commonly associated with coronary artery disease.
- A myocardial infarction (MI) is the medical term for a heart attack.
Treatment and Prevention
- A defibrillator is a device used to restore normal heart rhythm.
- Aspirin and Warfarin function as anticoagulants, effectively preventing heart attacks.
- An artificial pacemaker is wired to the heart to manage heart rhythm.
- CABG stands for coronary artery bypass graft, a surgical procedure to improve blood flow to the heart.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering Chapter 14 of Biology. Challenge yourself with questions about the heart's structure including its layers and chambers. Perfect for quick reviews or study sessions!
