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Questions and Answers
During spinal anesthesia, what would be the correct action?
During spinal anesthesia, what would be the correct action?
What is the purpose of Ephedrine in epidural anesthesia?
What is the purpose of Ephedrine in epidural anesthesia?
What is the primary action of the nurse when a patient experiences a sudden gush of fluid during pregnancy?
What is the primary action of the nurse when a patient experiences a sudden gush of fluid during pregnancy?
What is the correct position of the patient during the transition phase of labor?
What is the correct position of the patient during the transition phase of labor?
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What should the nurse do when a patient's IV fluid needs to be increased?
What should the nurse do when a patient's IV fluid needs to be increased?
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What is the normal range of maternal alpha-fetoprotein?
What is the normal range of maternal alpha-fetoprotein?
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What is the normal range of fetal heart rate?
What is the normal range of fetal heart rate?
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What does a maternal alpha-fetoprotein level of 35 ng/ml indicate?
What does a maternal alpha-fetoprotein level of 35 ng/ml indicate?
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When is Rhogam typically administered to RH-negative mothers?
When is Rhogam typically administered to RH-negative mothers?
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What does AS INDICATED mean in medical context?
What does AS INDICATED mean in medical context?
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What is the primary vital sign that the nurse should monitor when a patient receives epidural anesthesia?
What is the primary vital sign that the nurse should monitor when a patient receives epidural anesthesia?
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What is the primary purpose of administering Rhogam to RH-negative mothers?
What is the primary purpose of administering Rhogam to RH-negative mothers?
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At what time intervals is the APGAR score typically taken?
At what time intervals is the APGAR score typically taken?
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What is the recommended frequency of tetanus toxoid vaccination booster doses for pregnant women?
What is the recommended frequency of tetanus toxoid vaccination booster doses for pregnant women?
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What is the significance of the mnemonic device 'CLINIC NURSE' in obstetrics?
What is the significance of the mnemonic device 'CLINIC NURSE' in obstetrics?
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Why is abstinence not advocated as a family planning method?
Why is abstinence not advocated as a family planning method?
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Which family planning method is advocated by the Department of Health more than any other means of contraception?
Which family planning method is advocated by the Department of Health more than any other means of contraception?
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What is the primary purpose of the 5-minute APGAR score assessment?
What is the primary purpose of the 5-minute APGAR score assessment?
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Why is it recommended to place a newborn on their side during the first week of life?
Why is it recommended to place a newborn on their side during the first week of life?
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What is the term for the fine hair that covers a newborn's body?
What is the term for the fine hair that covers a newborn's body?
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What are the small white papules on a newborn's nose, chin, and forehead called?
What are the small white papules on a newborn's nose, chin, and forehead called?
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What is the primary reason for closely observing a newborn during the first 24 hours?
What is the primary reason for closely observing a newborn during the first 24 hours?
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What is the typical duration for lanugo to disappear in a newborn?
What is the typical duration for lanugo to disappear in a newborn?
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What is the minimum Biparietal diameter of a fetus considered matured?
What is the minimum Biparietal diameter of a fetus considered matured?
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What is the term for the vascular tumors of the skin that can occur in newborns?
What is the term for the vascular tumors of the skin that can occur in newborns?
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At what week of gestation do multigravid clients experience quickening?
At what week of gestation do multigravid clients experience quickening?
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What is the increase in BPM required for a non-stress test to be considered reactive?
What is the increase in BPM required for a non-stress test to be considered reactive?
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When can the nurse expect to hear the FHR using a fetoscope?
When can the nurse expect to hear the FHR using a fetoscope?
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What is the mechanism that leads to the external manifestation of menstruation?
What is the mechanism that leads to the external manifestation of menstruation?
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What does a maternal serum alpha feto protein of 35 ng/ml indicate?
What does a maternal serum alpha feto protein of 35 ng/ml indicate?
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What is the interpretation of a non-stress test result showing an increase from 120 BPM to 135 BPM for 15 seconds?
What is the interpretation of a non-stress test result showing an increase from 120 BPM to 135 BPM for 15 seconds?
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What is the primary cause of menstruation?
What is the primary cause of menstruation?
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What is the volume of 4 tablespoons in cubic centimeters?
What is the volume of 4 tablespoons in cubic centimeters?
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When can the nurse expect to hear FHR using doppler Ultrasound?
When can the nurse expect to hear FHR using doppler Ultrasound?
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What happens to the endometrium after the absence of progesterone?
What happens to the endometrium after the absence of progesterone?
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What is the ovulation day for a woman with a 35-day menstrual cycle?
What is the ovulation day for a woman with a 35-day menstrual cycle?
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At what week of gestation do primigravid clients experience quickening?
At what week of gestation do primigravid clients experience quickening?
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What are the fertile days for a woman with a 35-day menstrual cycle?
What are the fertile days for a woman with a 35-day menstrual cycle?
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What is the purpose of understanding the fertile days in a woman's menstrual cycle?
What is the purpose of understanding the fertile days in a woman's menstrual cycle?
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What is the significance of knowing the ovulation day in a woman's menstrual cycle?
What is the significance of knowing the ovulation day in a woman's menstrual cycle?
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Study Notes
Menstruation and Fertility
- Menstruation occurs due to the degeneration of the corpus luteum, leading to a decrease in estrogen and progesterone levels.
- This degeneration causes the endometrium to break down, resulting in menstruation around the 25th day of the cycle.
Calculating Fertile Days and Ovulation
- Formula to calculate fertile days and ovulation: Number of days in cycle - 14 = ovulation day, minus 5 days to get the start of fertile period, and plus 5 days to get the end of fertile period.
- Example: For a 35-day cycle, ovulation occurs on the 21st day, and fertile days are from the 16th to 26th day of the cycle.
Fetal Development and Maturation
- The Biparietal diameter (BPD) of a fetus is considered mature at 8.5 cm and at term at 9.6 cm.
Quickening
- Multigravida clients experience quickening around the 16th week of gestation, while primigravida clients experience it around the 20th week.
Non-Stress Test
- A normal non-stress test result is reactive, indicating an increase of 15 BPM in FHR sustained for 15 seconds with every fetal movement.
Fetal Heart Rate and Pregnancy
- The FHR can be heard using a fetoscope at around 4 months of pregnancy.
- The FHR can be heard using Doppler ultrasound as early as 8th week of pregnancy.
Maternal Serum Alpha Feto Protein
- Normal maternal serum alpha feto protein levels are between 38-45 ng/ml.
- Levels below 38 ng/ml indicate chromosomal aberrations, while levels above 45 ng/ml indicate neural tube defects.
RHOGAM and Pregnancy
- RHOGAM is given to RH- mothers who deliver an RH+ fetus to prevent isoimmunization.
Family Planning Methods
- Fertility Awareness Method (FAM) is advocated by the Department of Health as a family planning method.
Epidural Anesthesia
- Ephedrine is not a drug of choice for epidural anesthesia; it is used to reverse the symptoms of hypotension caused by epidural anesthesia.
Newborn Care
- The APGAR score is taken at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth to assess the newborn's initial status and adjusting to extrauterine life.
- The best way to position a newborn during the first week of life is on their side with their head flat on the bed to decrease the risk of aspiration of secretions.
- Milia are small white papules on the newborn's nose, chin, and forehead due to unopened or plugged sebaceous glands.
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Description
This quiz covers the mechanism of menstruation, including the role of hormones and the corpus luteum. Test your knowledge of human biology and reproductive systems.
