Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a condition required for a stable ecosystem?
Which of the following is NOT a condition required for a stable ecosystem?
What type of reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes?
What type of reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes?
Which process involves the division of an organism's body into two or more parts that develop into new individuals?
Which process involves the division of an organism's body into two or more parts that develop into new individuals?
What distinguishes a monocious organism in terms of reproduction?
What distinguishes a monocious organism in terms of reproduction?
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Which of the following best describes the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?
Which of the following best describes the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?
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Which of the following describes parthenogenesis?
Which of the following describes parthenogenesis?
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In an ecosystem, which factor is considered abiotic?
In an ecosystem, which factor is considered abiotic?
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Which level of organization includes both abiotic and biotic factors interacting?
Which level of organization includes both abiotic and biotic factors interacting?
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Which of the following best defines a community?
Which of the following best defines a community?
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What type of interaction occurs when both species benefit from their relationship?
What type of interaction occurs when both species benefit from their relationship?
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In which category do organisms that recycle dead matter into nutrients fall?
In which category do organisms that recycle dead matter into nutrients fall?
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Which term describes organisms that make their own food using inorganic materials?
Which term describes organisms that make their own food using inorganic materials?
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What situation describes competition in an ecosystem?
What situation describes competition in an ecosystem?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of herbivores?
Which of the following is a characteristic of herbivores?
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What defines the biosphere?
What defines the biosphere?
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Which of the following correctly defines parasitism?
Which of the following correctly defines parasitism?
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What does a food web illustrate in an ecosystem?
What does a food web illustrate in an ecosystem?
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Which law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed?
Which law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed?
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Which of the following is NOT a method of gene transfer in genetic engineering?
Which of the following is NOT a method of gene transfer in genetic engineering?
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What is the primary function of restriction enzymes in genetic engineering?
What is the primary function of restriction enzymes in genetic engineering?
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What is the term for the process of making multiple copies of a specific DNA region?
What is the term for the process of making multiple copies of a specific DNA region?
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Which of the following interactions would be described as a predator-prey relationship?
Which of the following interactions would be described as a predator-prey relationship?
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Which process separates DNA fragments based on size using an electric charge?
Which process separates DNA fragments based on size using an electric charge?
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What condition describes the increase of disorder or randomness in a system according to thermodynamics?
What condition describes the increase of disorder or randomness in a system according to thermodynamics?
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Study Notes
Week 1
- Theories of the origin of life: Special Creation, Cosmozoic, Abiogenesis, Biogenesis
- Abiogenesis: Life arises from non-living matter
- Biogenesis: Life arises from pre-existing life
- Oparin-Haldane hypothesis: Life arose gradually from inorganic molecules
- Characteristics of life: Respond to environment, grow and develop, highly organized, need energy, evolve, regulate, reproduce, biodiversity is essential
Week 2
- Cell theory: Cells are the basic unit of life
- Robert Hooke: First viewed cells
- Cells: Small rooms, basic structural unit of living things
- Prokaryotic cells: Primitive, 3.5 bya, unicellular, no true nucleus, small size, few organelles
- Eukaryotic cells: Advanced, 1.2 bya, multicellular, true nucleus, larger size, many organelles
- Plant cell organelles: Cell wall, chloroplasts, large vacuoles
- Animal cell organelles: Large vacuoles are not common
Week 3
- Sexual reproduction: Unique offspring, requires mate, genetic variation, slower
- Asexual reproduction: One parent, faster reproduction, less genetic variation
- Monoecious/Hermaphrodites: Organisms with both male and female reproductive systems
- Binary Fission: Simple asexual reproduction, organism divides into two
- Budding: Outgrowths or buds develop
- Fragmentation: An organism's body divides into parts
- Vascectomy and Tubal ligation: Permanent methods of birth control
Week 4
- Ecology: Study of organisms and their environments
- Ecosystem: Geographic area where organisms and their physical surroundings interact
- Levels of organization: Cells, tissues, organs, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems, biosphere
- Three conditions of a stable ecosystem: Constant energy supply, organisms converting energy, recycling of materials
Week 5
- Recombinant DNA Technology: Clones human genes in bacteria to produce insulin
- Transgenes: expressing DNA from other species
- Genetic Engineering: Modifying genetic material,
- Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR): Copy DNA
- Restriction enzymes: Cut DNA
- Gene cloning: Creating large amounts of recombinant DNA
- Plant Genetic modification: Improving traits of plants
- Animal genetic modification: Enhancing reproductive efficiency.
- Microbe Genetic Modification: Enhancing microbial processes
Week 6
- Digestive Systems: Monogastric (one simple stomach), avian (crop and gizzard), ruminant (four compartments), pseudo-ruminant
- Respiratory systems: No respiratory organs in hydra, gills in some aquatic animals, skin in earthworms
- Evolution: Change in traits over generations
- Natural selection: Differential reproduction of individuals with advantageous traits
- Levels of human evolution: Homo Sapiens, Homo Neanderthalensis, Homo Erectus, Homo Habilis, Australopithecus, Sahelanthropus
Week 7
- Evidence of evolution: Fossils, comparative anatomy, phylogeny, molecular biology , biogeography, comparative embryology
- Homologous structures: Similar structure, different functions
- Analogous structures: Similar function, different structure
- Phylogeny: Relationships between organisms
Week 8
- Human activities affecting ecosystem: Natural factors (floods, hurricanes), human factors (land clearing, pollution, overharvesting)
- Adaptations: Structural, functional, behavioral traits that ensure survival
Week 9
- Conservation of Ecosystems: Biodiversity, protected lands, connectivity, ecosystem services, habitat restoration, pollution control, sustainable practices, reducing human interference
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Description
This quiz covers essential topics from the first chapter of biology, including theories of the origin of life, characteristics of life, and cell theory. It explores both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, along with their structures and functions. Test your understanding of these foundational concepts in biology!
