Biology Chapter 1: Exploring Life

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Questions and Answers

Match the following levels of biological organization with their definitions:

Biosphere = All of the environments on Earth that support life Ecosystem = All the organisms living in a particular area and the physical components with which the organisms interact Organism = An individual living thing Community = The entire array of organisms living in a particular ecosystem

Match the following components of biological organization with their descriptions:

Organ system = Several organs that cooperate in a specific function Organ = A structure that is composed of tissues Tissue = A group of similar cells that perform a specific function Organelle = A membrane-enclosed structure that performs a specific function within a cell

Match the following characteristics of life with their descriptions:

Reproduction = The process of producing offspring Growth and development = The process of increasing in size and complexity Energy processing = The process of generating energy for the organism Regulation = The process of maintaining homeostasis

Match the following levels of biological organization with their hierarchical order:

Molecule = Smallest unit of biological organization Cell = The fundamental unit of life Organism = An individual living thing Biosphere = Largest unit of biological organization Signup and view all the answers

Match the following properties of life with their definitions:

Emergent properties = New properties that arise from the arrangement and interactions among component parts Evolutionary adaptation = The process of adapting to the environment over many generations Order = The organization of components in a specific pattern Response to the environment = The reaction of an organism to its surroundings Signup and view all the answers

Match the following biological components with their functions:

Organelle = Performs a specific function within a cell Cell = The fundamental unit of life Tissue = Performs a specific function in the body Organ = Cooperates with other organs to perform a specific function Signup and view all the answers

Match the following levels of biological organization with their components:

Ecosystem = Organisms and physical components Community = Array of organisms living in a particular ecosystem Population = Individuals of a species living in a specific area Biosphere = All environments on Earth that support life Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characteristics of life with their examples:

Reproduction = Producing offspring Growth and development = Increasing in size and complexity Energy processing = Generating energy through photosynthesis Regulation = Maintaining body temperature Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristics with the correct type of cell:

Has a nucleus = Eukaryotic cell Has no nucleus = Prokaryotic cell Has membrane-bound organelles = Eukaryotic cell Has DNA throughout the cell = Prokaryotic cell Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristics of eukaryotic cells with the correct description:

Has a membrane-bound nucleus = Characteristic of eukaryotic cells Has DNA throughout the cell = Characteristic of prokaryotic cells Has no membrane-bound organelles = Characteristic of prokaryotic cells Has a cell wall = Characteristic of all cells Signup and view all the answers

Match the properties of life with their definitions:

Order = The ability of organisms to reproduce their own kind Reproduction = The highly ordered structure that typifies life Growth and development = Consistent growth and development controlled by inherited DNA Energy processing = The use of chemical energy to power an organism’s activities and chemical reactions Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristics of cells with their descriptions:

Eukaryotic cells = Cells with a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Prokaryotic cells = Cells with a false nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles Functional unit of life = A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life Cell membrane = A semipermeable membrane that surrounds the cell Signup and view all the answers

Match the characteristics of living things with their descriptions:

Response to the environment = An ability to respond to environmental stimuli Regulation = An ability to control an organism’s internal environment within limits that sustain life Energy processing = The use of chemical energy to power an organism’s activities and chemical reactions Growth and development = Consistent growth and development controlled by inherited DNA Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of an ecosystem with their descriptions:

Living factors = Organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms Non-living factors = Components such as light, temperature, water, and nutrients Dynamics = The interactions and changes that occur within an ecosystem over time Ecosystem = A community of living and non-living components that interact with each other Signup and view all the answers

Match the concepts related to cells with their descriptions:

Cell = The basic structural and functional unit of life Functional unit of life = A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life Eukaryotic cell = A cell with a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Prokaryotic cell = A cell with a false nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Properties of Life

Life has seven common properties: order, reproduction, growth and development, energy processing, regulation, response to the environment, and evolutionary adaptation
These properties are shared by all living things

Hierarchy of Life

The hierarchy of life unfolds from the most complex to the simplest:
- Biosphere: all environments on Earth that support life
- Ecosystem: all organisms and physical components in a particular area
- Community: all organisms living in a particular ecosystem
- Population: all individuals of a species living in a specific area
- Organism: an individual living thing
- Organ system: several organs that cooperate in a specific function
- Organ: a structure composed of tissues
- Tissue: a group of similar cells that perform a specific function
- Cell: the fundamental unit of life
- Organelle: a membrane-enclosed structure that performs a specific function within a cell
- Molecule: a cluster of small chemical units called atoms held together by chemical bonds

Cells

There are two forms of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles

Ecosystems

Ecosystems consist of living and non-living factors
Organisms interact with their environment, exchanging matter and energy
Ecosystem dynamics include the recycling of chemical nutrients and the one-way flow of energy
Producers (plants) provide food, consumers (animals) eat plants and other animals, and decomposers (microorganisms) recycle matter

Science

Science is a process that involves discovery and hypothesis-based science
There are two types of data: quantitative (numerical) and qualitative (descriptive)
There are two types of reasoning: inductive (based on specific observations) and deductive (based on general principles)