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Questions and Answers
What is the primary driving force for water transportation in plants during the daytime?
What is the primary driving force for water transportation in plants during the daytime?
What is the function of xylem cells in roots?
What is the function of xylem cells in roots?
What happens to water in plants due to transpiration?
What happens to water in plants due to transpiration?
What is the role of root pressure in plants?
What is the role of root pressure in plants?
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What are the two conducting tissues in highly organised plants?
What are the two conducting tissues in highly organised plants?
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During the night, which process becomes more important for water transportation in plants?
During the night, which process becomes more important for water transportation in plants?
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What is the function of the transport system in human beings?
What is the function of the transport system in human beings?
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What is the function of the heart in the transport system?
What is the function of the heart in the transport system?
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What is the function of villi in the small intestine?
What is the function of villi in the small intestine?
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Why do aquatic organisms need to have a higher rate of breathing?
Why do aquatic organisms need to have a higher rate of breathing?
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What is the process by which water enters the sieve tubes of phloem tissue?
What is the process by which water enters the sieve tubes of phloem tissue?
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What is the energy source used for the movement of food in phloem?
What is the energy source used for the movement of food in phloem?
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Why do terrestrial organisms require less breathing effort?
Why do terrestrial organisms require less breathing effort?
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What is the advantage of having villi in the small intestine?
What is the advantage of having villi in the small intestine?
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What is the result of the increase in pressure in phloem tissue?
What is the result of the increase in pressure in phloem tissue?
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What is the direction of food movement in phloem tissue?
What is the direction of food movement in phloem tissue?
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What is the function of root hairs in plants?
What is the function of root hairs in plants?
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What type of cells are responsible for transporting water and minerals in plants?
What type of cells are responsible for transporting water and minerals in plants?
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What is the result of the difference in ion concentration between the roots and soil in plants?
What is the result of the difference in ion concentration between the roots and soil in plants?
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What is the purpose of the conducting channel formed by xylem cells in plants?
What is the purpose of the conducting channel formed by xylem cells in plants?
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What is the mechanism by which water and minerals move from one cell to another in plants?
What is the mechanism by which water and minerals move from one cell to another in plants?
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What is the function of the xylem cells in the stems of plants?
What is the function of the xylem cells in the stems of plants?
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What is the result of the movement of water and minerals from one cell to another in plants?
What is the result of the movement of water and minerals from one cell to another in plants?
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Study Notes
Transportation in Plants and Animals
Transportation in Plants
- Plants transport water and minerals through xylem cells from soil to leaves.
- Xylem cells in roots, stems, and leaves are interconnected to form a conducting channel.
- Root cells take ions from the soil, creating a concentration difference between roots and soil, which leads to osmosis.
- Osmotic pressure builds up, causing a steady movement of water into the xylem.
- Transpiration creates suction pressure, forcing water into xylem cells of roots.
Transportation in Animals
- In humans, the transport system (circulatory system) consists of heart, blood, and blood vessels.
- Blood vessels:
- Function: transport blood pumped by the heart and returns it to the heart.
- Types: arteries, veins, and capillaries.
- Heart:
- Function: receives deoxygenated blood from body parts, transports it to lungs, and pumps purified blood to body parts.
- Blood:
- Function: transports oxygen, digested food, carbon dioxide, hormones, and nitrogenous waste.
- Protects the body from diseases and regulates body temperature.
Comparison of Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Nutrition
- Autotrophic nutrition:
- Occurs in plants, which produce their own food through photosynthesis.
- Heterotrophic nutrition:
- Occurs in animals, which obtain energy by consuming other organisms.
Respiration in Aquatic and Terrestrial Organisms
- Aquatic organisms:
- Use oxygen dissolved in surrounding water, which has a low concentration.
- Have a higher rate of breathing.
- Terrestrial organisms:
- Acquire oxygen from the oxygen-rich atmosphere through respiratory organs.
- Can work less with breathing rate than aquatic organisms.
Lungs in Human Beings
- Designed to maximize the area for exchange of gases.
- Air passage differentiates into smaller tubes (bronchi), which form bronchioles.
- Bronchioles terminate in balloon-like structures (alveoli), which provide maximum surface area for exchange of gases.
Food Transportation in Plants
- Occurs through phloem tissue using energy from ATP.
- Food (sugar) made in leaves is loaded into sieve tubes of phloem tissue.
- Water enters sieve tubes by osmosis, increasing pressure, which transports food to all parts of the plant.
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Description
This quiz covers cellular respiration, oxygen transportation, and plant transport systems. It tests knowledge on how oxygen is transported to tissues, how water and minerals are transported in plants, and the design of human lungs.
