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Questions and Answers
What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a distinct nucleus and numerous organelles.
What are the two divisions by which eukaryotic cells reproduce?
Eukaryotic cells reproduce by mitosis and meiosis.
Name one characteristic that is unique to prokaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells divide by binary fission.
What are the two main components of a eukaryotic cell?
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How do eukaryotic cells handle their genetic material differently from prokaryotic cells?
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Provide an example of a prokaryotic cell.
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What is the average size range of prokaryotic cells?
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What cellular structure is present in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells?
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Why are eukaryotic cells generally larger than prokaryotic cells?
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Study Notes
Biology
- The science of studying living organisms
- Provides understanding of life
- Cell biology is a specialized branch focusing on the structure and function of cell organelles
- Cytology is the study of cells
Cell Types
- Structural units of all living organisms
- Two main types: prokaryotic and eukaryotic
Prokaryotic Cells
- Examples: bacteria
- Characteristics:
- Small size (1-5 µm)
- Cell wall outside the cell membrane
- Lack of a nuclear envelope separating genetic material (DNA) from other cellular components
- No histones bound to DNA
- Absence of membrane-bound organelles
- Divide by binary fission
Eukaryotic Cells
- Examples: amoeba
- Characteristics:
- Larger than prokaryotic cells
- Distinct nucleus enclosed by a nuclear envelope
- Histones associated with genetic material
- Presence of numerous membrane-bound organelles in the cytoplasm
- Divide through mitosis and meiosis
Eukaryotic Cell Structure
- Composed of two main parts: cytoplasm and nucleus
Illustrations
- Diagrams depict the structures of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including organelles such as the cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, and other type-specific components.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the fundamental concepts of cell biology, including the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. This quiz covers the characteristics, structures, and functions of various cell types. Perfect for students studying biology!
