Biology Cell Transport Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

It becomes rigid

It shrinks

It stays the same

It swells (correct)

What is the effect of an isotonic solution on a cell?

It causes the cell to shrink

It causes the cell to burst

It causes the cell to swell

It doesn't change the shape of the cell (correct)

What is osmosis?

Endocytosis

Diffusion of water (correct)

Movement of solutes

Active transport of substances

What occurs in a hypertonic solution?

The cell shrinks Signup and view all the answers

What is a channel protein?

A transport protein that provides a tube-like opening in the plasma membrane through which particles can diffuse. Signup and view all the answers

Energy is used during active transport but not during passive transport.

True Signup and view all the answers

Define endocytosis.

The process by which a cell takes in material by forming a vacuole around it. Signup and view all the answers

What is passive transport?

Particle movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Signup and view all the answers

What is exocytosis?

The process by which a cell expels wastes from a vacuole. Signup and view all the answers

What is facilitated diffusion?

A form of passive transport that uses transport proteins. Signup and view all the answers

Define active transport.

Particle movement from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. Signup and view all the answers

What is a carrier protein?

A transport protein that changes shape when a particle binds with it. Signup and view all the answers

What defines osmosis?

The diffusion of water through a cell membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during passive transport?

The movement of substances entering or exiting the cell membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What is required during active transport?

Energy. Signup and view all the answers

What does equilibrium mean in a biological context?

When the molecules of one substance are spread evenly throughout another substance to become balanced. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during exocytosis?

A vacuole membrane fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents. Signup and view all the answers

Define endocytosis in the context of amoeba feeding.

The cell membrane forms around another substance, facilitating how amoeba takes in its food. Signup and view all the answers

What is diffusion?

When molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Transport Concepts

Hypotonic Solution: Causes cells to swell due to water influx as the external solution has a lower solute concentration than the cell's cytoplasm.
Isotonic Solution: Maintains cell shape since the solute concentration is equal inside and outside the cell, leading to no net movement of water.
Hypertonic Solution: Causes cells to shrink as water moves out of the cell due to higher solute concentration outside.

Osmosis and Transport Mechanisms

Osmosis: Refers to the specific diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane, influenced by solute concentrations.
Facilitated Diffusion: A type of passive transport utilizing transport proteins, allowing specific particles to cross the cell membrane without energy use.
Passive Transport: Movement of particles from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration, occurring without energy expenditure.

Active Transport Processes

Active Transport: Movement of particles against their concentration gradient from lower to higher concentration, requiring energy expenditure.
Endocytosis: Process where cells engulf external material, forming a vacuole; facilitates nutrient intake (e.g., how amoebas consume food).
Exocytosis: Mechanism for expelling waste or material from the cell where a vacuole fuses with the plasma membrane, releasing its contents.

Specialized Proteins

Channel Protein: Transmembrane proteins forming tube-like openings in the plasma membrane for specific particle diffusion.
Carrier Protein: Transport proteins that undergo conformational changes when binding particles, facilitating their movement across the membrane.

Additional Concepts

Equilibrium: Achieved when concentrations of molecules are evenly distributed across a space, indicating balanced states.
Energy in Transport: Active transport distinguishes itself from passive transport by requiring energy, while passive processes rely on concentration gradients.

Important Definitions

Diffusion: General movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy.
Passive Transport: Entry or exit of substances through the cell membrane without energy use.
Active Transport: Movement requiring energy for transporting materials across cell membranes.

These concepts provide essential understanding of cell transport mechanisms, highlighting how cells maintain homeostasis and exchange materials with their environment.

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Description

Test your knowledge on cell transport mechanisms with this engaging flashcard set. Each card provides key terms such as hypotonic and hypertonic solutions, and explores concepts like osmosis and channel proteins. Perfect for biology students seeking a comprehensive review of cell transport principles.