Biology: Cell Structure - Nucleus

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Questions and Answers

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and various carbohydrates?

  • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (correct)
  • Mitochondria
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Nucleus

What provides the cytoplasm and the cell with their structure?

  • Golgi apparatus
  • Cytoskeleton (correct)
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Nucleus

Where are dangerous chemicals detoxified within the cell?

  • Mitochondria
  • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Rough endoplasmic reticulum (correct)

Which organelle is continuous with the nuclear membrane?

<p>Endoplasmic reticulum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are various products transported from one portion of the cell to another?

<p>Cytoskeleton (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Golgi apparatus in a cell?

<p>Packaging and modifying proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nucleolus?

<p>To synthesize and assemble ribosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between euchromatin and heterochromatin?

<p>Euchromatin is loosely packed and metabolically active, while heterochromatin is tightly packed and relatively inactive. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the cytoplasm is accurate?

<p>The cytoplasm is the space between the nucleus and the cell membrane, filled with cytosol and organelles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of ribosomes in the cell?

<p>To serve as the site of protein synthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the nuclear membrane is correct?

<p>The inner membrane of the nuclear membrane is firmly attached to clumps of euchromatin. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nucleoplasm?

<p>To serve as a fluid environment for the nucleolus and chromatin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lysosomes within a cell?

<p>To break down and recycle cellular components and materials taken up from outside the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about peroxisomes is true?

<p>Peroxisomes contain enzymes that break down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, acting as detoxifiers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common structural feature shared by cilia and flagella?

<p>They have a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules, with nine peripheral pairs surrounding two central microtubules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about cilia and flagella is true?

<p>Cilia are more numerous on the cell surface than flagella (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when lysosomes break down old cellular organelles within the cell?

<p>Autophagy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nickname given to lysosomes due to their role in breaking down old cellular components?

<p>Suicide bags (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical size range of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

<p>4-10 m in diameter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the nucleolus within the nucleus?

<p>To produce ribosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the nuclear envelope?

<p>Nucleoplasm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope?

<p>To allow the passage of certain molecules in and out of the nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the relationship between the nuclear envelope and the endoplasmic reticulum?

<p>The outer membrane of the nuclear envelope is occasionally continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do mature mammalian red blood cells (RBCs) lack a nucleus?

<p>Both b and c (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus in the cell?

<p>Forming lysosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) manufactured in the cell?

<p>Nucleolus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ribosomes attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

<p>Synthesizing proteins for export from the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are mitochondria structurally different from other organelles in the cell?

<p>They have a double membrane structure with cristae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the number of Golgi apparatus bodies in a cell?

<p>The activity level of the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for transporting material from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus?

<p>Transport vesicles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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