Cell Nucleus Structure Quiz

Organelle Functions

• Organelles perform specific functions within a cell, such as protein synthesis, energy production, and cell signaling.

Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells

• Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, whereas prokaryotic cells lack these organelles.

Cell Membrane

• The primary function of the cell membrane is to regulate the movement of materials in and out of the cell.

Plant vs Animal Cells

• Plant cells have chloroplasts, a cell wall, and a large central vacuole, whereas animal cells lack these organelles.

Cellular Activities

• Most cellular activities occur within the cytoplasm, which is the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus.

Cytoplasmic Components

• The cytosol is the part of the cytoplasm not held within organelles and is a clear, glassy layer.
• Cytosol is the site of many metabolic reactions.

Nucleus

• The nucleus is the seat of synthesis of biomolecules like fat, nucleotides, and proteins.
• The main function of the nucleus is to store genetic information.
• The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane structure called the nuclear envelope.

Nuclear Envelope

• The nuclear envelope is responsible for exchanging materials between the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Chromatin

• Chromatin is the complex of DNA and proteins that make up the nucleus.

Nucleolus

• The nucleolus is the organelle responsible for producing ribosomal RNA.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

• The rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered with ribosomes, giving it a rough appearance.

Discovery of Nucleus

• Antonie van Leeuwenhoek first discovered the nucleus inside eukaryotic cells.

Other Organelles

• The enzyme that converts glucose-6-phosphate to glucose is located in the cytosol.
• The space filled with a watery fluid is the cytosol.
• The predominant lipid in the outer membrane of the mitochondria is phosphatidylcholine.
• The M-side is the side of the inner membrane of the mitochondria that faces the mitochondrial matrix.
• The inner layer of cristae has finger-like projections called cristae.