Cell Nucleus Structure Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of an organelle within a cell?

To control the movement of substances in and out of cells (correct)

To help in cytoplasmic streaming

To provide structural support to the cell

To separate the interior of the cell from the outside environment

What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells regarding organelles?

Prokaryotic cells have no organelles while eukaryotic cells have multiple ribosomes

Prokaryotic cells contain a larger variety of organelles compared to eukaryotic cells

Eukaryotic cells lack organelles involved in cell division

Eukaryotic cells have more organelles enclosed by membranes compared to prokaryotic cells (correct)

What is the primary function of the cell membrane in all cells?

To allow ions and organic molecules to move in and out of the cell (correct)

To synthesize proteins for the cell

To facilitate cytoplasmic streaming

To provide structural support to the cell

How do plant cells differ from animal cells based on organelles?

Plant cells contain chloroplasts and a cell wall which are not found in animal cells Signup and view all the answers

Where do most cellular activities occur within a cell?

Cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the cytoplasm is NOT held within organelles?

Cytosol Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the clear and glassy layer of the cytoplasm?

Ectoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the seat of synthesis of biomolecules like fat, nucleotides, and proteins?

Endoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the nucleus in a cell?

Genetic material storage Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for exchanging materials between the nucleus and cytoplasm?

Nuclear pores Signup and view all the answers

What is chromatin in the context of the nucleus?

Hereditary material made of DNA and proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that encloses the entire nucleus in eukaryotic cells?

Nuclear membrane Signup and view all the answers

What organelle is responsible for producing ribosomal RNA?

Nucleolus Signup and view all the answers

Which type of endoplasmic reticulum is covered with ribosomes giving it a rough appearance?

Rough endoplasmic reticulum Signup and view all the answers

Who first discovered the nucleus inside the eukaryotic cells?

Fontana in 1781 Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for converting glucose-6-phosphate to glucose?

Endoplasmic reticulum Signup and view all the answers

Where is the space filled with a watery fluid located?

Outer chamber Signup and view all the answers

What is the predominant lipid in the outer membrane of the mitochondria?

Phosphatidylcholine Signup and view all the answers

Which side of the inner membrane is known as the M-side?

Matrix side Signup and view all the answers

What structures are found on the inner layer of cristae?

Stalked particles Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Organelle Functions

Organelles perform specific functions within a cell, such as protein synthesis, energy production, and cell signaling.

Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, whereas prokaryotic cells lack these organelles.

Cell Membrane

The primary function of the cell membrane is to regulate the movement of materials in and out of the cell.

Plant vs Animal Cells

Plant cells have chloroplasts, a cell wall, and a large central vacuole, whereas animal cells lack these organelles.

Cellular Activities

Most cellular activities occur within the cytoplasm, which is the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus.

Cytoplasmic Components

The cytosol is the part of the cytoplasm not held within organelles and is a clear, glassy layer.
Cytosol is the site of many metabolic reactions.

Nucleus

The nucleus is the seat of synthesis of biomolecules like fat, nucleotides, and proteins.
The main function of the nucleus is to store genetic information.
The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane structure called the nuclear envelope.

Nuclear Envelope

The nuclear envelope is responsible for exchanging materials between the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Chromatin

Chromatin is the complex of DNA and proteins that make up the nucleus.

Nucleolus

The nucleolus is the organelle responsible for producing ribosomal RNA.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered with ribosomes, giving it a rough appearance.

Discovery of Nucleus

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek first discovered the nucleus inside eukaryotic cells.

Other Organelles

The enzyme that converts glucose-6-phosphate to glucose is located in the cytosol.
The space filled with a watery fluid is the cytosol.
The predominant lipid in the outer membrane of the mitochondria is phosphatidylcholine.
The M-side is the side of the inner membrane of the mitochondria that faces the mitochondrial matrix.
The inner layer of cristae has finger-like projections called cristae.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the structure and functions of the cell nucleus, including genetic material, proteins, and biosynthesis processes. Identify the main components that make up the nucleus.