Biology: Cell Reproduction and Anatomy Overview

The process of cell division, where one parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells. This is essential for growth, repair, and development.

The flat bone located in the center of the chest that acts as the point of attachment for the ribs. It provides support and protection for vital organs.

The fluid component of blood that contains essential nutrients, waste products, and proteins. It transports these substances throughout the body.

The fixed point of attachment of a muscle to a bone. This is the part of the muscle that remains relatively stable during movement.

Specialized structures that carry out specific functions within the body. They are composed of different tissues working together.

The pituitary gland is a small but powerful gland located in the brain. It plays a crucial role in regulating a wide range of bodily functions by producing hormones that control other glands and organs.

The pancreas is a vital organ in the digestive system. It releases enzymes that aid in breaking down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. These enzymes are essential for extracting nutrients from food.

Hormones are chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands and released directly into the bloodstream. These hormones act like signals to influence various bodily functions and maintain overall well-being.

The primary function of the respiratory system is to facilitate breathing, which involves the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide. This gas exchange is fundamental for sustaining life.

The lymphatic system is a crucial part of the immune system. It protects the body from diseases by filtering waste, producing white blood cells, and transporting lymph fluid throughout the body.

The body system responsible for transporting blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients while removing waste products.

The muscular system provides structure, support, and movement to the body, and is responsible for shaping and covering various organs.

The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food into nutrients that the body can absorb and use, as well as waste products that are eliminated.

The excretory system removes waste products from the body, maintaining the balance of fluids and electrolytes.

The reproductive system is responsible for producing offspring. It produces sex hormones and gametes (eggs and sperm).

The body's protective covering, also known as skin.

The basic building blocks of tissues, including connective, epithelial, muscle, and nerve.

Structures that control the flow of substances in one direction, like a one-way street.

The bone that forms the back of the skull, located above the nape of the neck.

During mitosis, a parent cell splits into two identical daughter cells.

The spinal cord starts from the base of the brain, which is located at the base of the neck.

Glands are specialized cell clusters within the body that produce and release substances, such as hormones, enzymes, and sweat.

Lymph is a fluid that circulates throughout the body, collecting waste and transporting white blood cells to fight infection.

Connective tissue acts as a binder, providing support and structure to different parts of the body, holding tissues together.

Nerve tissue transmits messages between the brain and the body, controlling and coordinating all body functions.

The heart pumps blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells.

Kidneys filter waste products from blood and eliminate them through urine.

The brain acts as the control center, directing all body actions and processing information.

The obicularis oris muscle is responsible for closing the mouth and forming a tight lip seal, which is used for actions like kissing and whistling, but not for the wide, stretched-out expression of a grin.

The risorius muscle is a thin, superficial muscle located on both sides of the face. It's responsible for the wide, stretched-out expression of a grin, pulling the corners of the mouth back and up.

The masseter and temporalis muscles are the primary muscles involved in chewing. They help you grind and crush food, allowing for proper digestion.

The three muscles of the ear, known as the auricularis muscles, are responsible for fine movement of the outer ear. These muscles are relatively weak and their actions in humans are often limited.

The sternocleidomastoid muscle, located on either side of the neck, is responsible for rotating and flexing the head. When one muscle contracts, the head turns to the opposite side, while contraction of both muscles allows the head to bend forward.

Moving a body part away from the midline of the body.

The movement that bends a joint, decreasing the angle between bones.

Rotating a body part inwards.

The ability of muscles to stretch and bend.

Understanding forearm muscles helps maintain proper posture and prevent injuries while performing treatments.

Skeletal muscles are attached to bones and are responsible for movement. Estheticians work with skeletal muscles because they are involved in facial expressions and movements, which are crucial for various beauty treatments.

The occipitalis muscle is located at the back of the scalp. It draws the scalp backward, helping to create tension and movement in the scalp area.

The frontalis muscle is located on the forehead. It raises the eyebrows, creating wrinkles on the forehead.

The orbicularis oculi muscle is a circular muscle that surrounds the eye. It's responsible for closing the eyelids, blinking, and squinting.

The nervous system controls and coordinates all body functions, including movement, senses, thoughts, and emotions.

The integumentary system, which is your skin, is responsible for regulating temperature, producing vitamin D, and protecting you from external elements.

The immune/lymphatic system is your body's defense force against diseases. It does this by creating resistance and fighting off disease-causing toxins.

The respiratory system is responsible for breathing, which involves taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide.

The excretory system removes waste products from your body, including urine produced by the kidneys and bladder.