Biology: Bioenergetics & Cell Functions

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Questions and Answers

Which scientist was the first to observe cells using a microscope?

  • Theodore Schwann
  • Robert Hooke (correct)
  • Rudolf Virchow
  • Matthias Schleiden

Why is a cell called the fundamental structural and functional unit of life?

  • Because it can perform basic life functions independently (correct)
  • Because it is the largest unit in living organisms
  • Because it is transparent under a microscope
  • Because it is composed of non-living material

What secret is revealed through the study of cells according to the text?

  • Secrets of life itself (correct)
  • Secrets of the Earth's core
  • Secrets of outer space
  • Secrets of the plant kingdom

Who added the concept of the formation of cells to the cell theory?

<p>Rudolf Virchow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the cell theory, what is the smallest living unit structure and function of all organisms?

<p>Cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Robert Hooke name cells 'cells' after observing them under a microscope?

<p>Because they resembled rooms in appearance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are chloroplasts mainly found in plants?

<p>In the leaves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of thylakoids in a chloroplast?

<p>Contain chlorophyll and conduct photosynthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of stomata in photosynthesis?

<p>Exchange gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for photosynthesis?

<p>Light (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a plant exports sugar to roots and non-photosynthetic parts?

<p>Veins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a stoma refer to in a plant cell?

<p>A pore for gas exchange (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a plant has about half a million chloroplasts in just 1 mm²?

<p>Leaves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells lack distinct nuclei and have few organelles that are not membrane-bound?

<p>Prokaryotic cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Golgi Apparatus in a eukaryotic cell?

<p>Sorting, packaging, and secreting cellular products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of lysosomes in a cell?

<p>Digestion of excess or worn-out organelles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What organelle is responsible for translocating materials within the cell and in and out of the nucleus?

<p>Endoplasmic reticulum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is known as the 'command center' of a eukaryotic cell?

<p>Nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component of a eukaryotic cell is composed of a fluid mosaic of proteins floating in a phospholipid bilayer?

<p>Cell membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What surrounds the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell and has many nuclear pores for mRNA and proteins to pass through?

<p>Nuclear envelope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of centrioles in a cell during cell division?

<p>Formation of the spindle fiber during cell division (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What organelle provides mechanical support and maintains cell shape in plant cells?

<p>Cell wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is contained within the nucleolus of a eukaryotic cell?

<p>Ribosomes are synthesized (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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