Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following characteristics is NOT a defining feature of life?
Which of the following characteristics is NOT a defining feature of life?
Which of the following elements is NOT considered an organic element essential for life?
Which of the following elements is NOT considered an organic element essential for life?
What is the primary structure of proteins primarily determined by?
What is the primary structure of proteins primarily determined by?
Which of the following processes involves the addition of water to break down macromolecules?
Which of the following processes involves the addition of water to break down macromolecules?
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Which of the following describes a saturated fatty acid?
Which of the following describes a saturated fatty acid?
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Study Notes
Main Components of Life
- Seven characteristics of life:
- Composed of cells
- Maintain homeostasis
- Grow and develop
- Reproduce
- Respond to external stimuli
- Evolve
Chemistry of Biology
-
Atoms: Smallest unit of an element
-
Elements: Substances bonded with other elements to form molecules
-
Protons (+): Atomic number = number of protons
-
Neutrons (0): Atomic mass - protons = neutrons
-
Electrons (-): Electrons = protons
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Electron shells: First shell = 2, Second shell = 8, Outermost shell = filled
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Organic elements: Carbon (C), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Hydrogen (H)
Four Major Macromolecules
- Carbohydrates:
- Monomer: Monosaccharides (e.g., glucose)
- Function: Energy storage, main function
- Lipids:
- Monomer: Fatty acids and glycerol
- Function: Energy storage, insulation
- Types: Saturated, unsaturated, phospholipids
- Proteins:
- Monomer: Amino acids
- Function: Structure, enzymes, transport
- Types: Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
- Nucleic Acids:
- Monomer: Nucleotides
- Function: DNA and RNA store genetic information
- Types: DNA, RNA.
Bonds
- Ionic bonds: Transfer of electrons
- Covalent bonds: Sharing of electrons
- Hydrogen bonds: Weak bonds between molecules/parts of molecules
- Polarity: Difference in electronegativity results in polar (unequal sharing) or nonpolar (equal sharing)
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental components of life, the chemistry of biology, and the four major macromolecules. Understand the essential characteristics that define life and the molecular building blocks that sustain it. Test your knowledge on how these components interact and function within living organisms.
