Biology: Apicomplexa and Ciliophora Quiz

A phylum of protozoan parasites that live inside other animals, characterized by an apical complex for host penetration.

A class within Apicomplexa, including organisms with the apical complex, and characterized by multiple fission in their life cycle.

The complex structure used by Apicomplexa for penetrating host cells.

A type of asexual reproduction in Apicomplexa, leading to the formation of merozoites - the feeding stage.

A type of asexual reproduction in Apicomplexa, leading to the formation of sporozoites - the infecting stage.

A phylum of protozoans with hair-like structures called cilia used for movement and feeding.

A small, diploid nucleus in Ciliophora that controls reproduction.

A large, polyploid nucleus in Ciliophora that controls all vegetative functions except reproduction.

A type of asexual reproduction in Paramecium where one individual divides into two identical daughter cells.

A type of sexual reproduction in Paramecium involving the exchange of genetic material between two individuals.

The central cavity of a sponge where water flows.

Specialized cells lining the spongocoel of sponges, responsible for filter feeding.

The gelatinous middle layer of a sponge containing skeletal components and ameboid cells.

The outer layer of a sponge consisting of thin, flat cells.

Amoebocytes involved in digestion and circulation in sponges, which can also differentiate into other cell types.

Cells responsible for producing spicules, the skeletal elements of sponges.

The inner layer of a sponge, composed of specialized cells called choanocytes which have a collar and flagellum.

Supporting structures found within sponges, used for taxonomic classification.

Mineral-based skeletal structures made of either calcium carbonate (calcareous) or silica (siliceous).

Protein-based skeletal structures that form flexible, branching networks.

A classification of spicules based on their number of axes (lines of symmetry) and rays (projections from the axis).

Simple, vase-shaped sponges with a single, central cavity lined by choanocytes.

Sponges with a more complex body wall, folded to create inhalant canals and flagellated chambers.

The most complex sponge type with very thick, highly folded walls, resulting in many small flagellated chambers.

A single opening on the body of a cnidarian, serving as both the mouth and anus, connecting to the internal gastrovascular cavity.

A type of specialized cell found in cnidarians that contains a stinging structure called a nematocyst. These cells are used for defense and catching prey.

A network of canals within the body of a cnidarian that allows the circulation of water and nutrients.

The outer layer of the body wall in cnidarians, composed of various cell types, including epithelial-muscular cells which contract for movement.

The inner layer of the body wall in cnidarians, responsible for digestion and absorption of nutrients.

A type of cnidarian reproduction that occurs by the formation of buds or outgrowths from the parent organism.

A type of cnidarian reproduction that involves the fusion of gametes (sperm and egg) to produce a new individual.

A class of cnidarians that includes true jellyfish, which are free-swimming with a bell-shaped body.

Cells found between the bases of epithelio-muscular cells in hydra, responsible for repairing damaged tissue and producing sperm and ova.

A non-cellular, jelly-like layer in the hydra, providing support and flexibility.

The inner layer of a hydra, lining the gastrovascular cavity, responsible for digestion.

Cells in the gastrodermis that contract, causing the hydra to extend its body.

Cells in the gastrodermis that secrete digestive enzymes into the gastrovascular cavity.

Cells in the gastrodermis that secrete mucus, helping to move food into the gastrovascular cavity.

The process of digestion that occurs in the gastrovascular cavity of a hydra, before being further digested inside the endodermal cells.