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What is the characteristic structure found in Apicomplexa that serves as the organ of attachment to host cells?
What is the characteristic structure found in Apicomplexa that serves as the organ of attachment to host cells?
Apical complex
What is the function of the apical complex in Apicomplexa?
What is the function of the apical complex in Apicomplexa?
Organ of attachment to host cells
What phylum is characterized by the presence of an apical complex?
What phylum is characterized by the presence of an apical complex?
Apicomplexa
What is the significance of the apical complex in the life cycle of Apicomplexa?
What is the significance of the apical complex in the life cycle of Apicomplexa?
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What is the primary function of cilia in certain organisms?
What is the primary function of cilia in certain organisms?
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What is the term used to describe the study of the structure and form of Apicomplexa?
What is the term used to describe the study of the structure and form of Apicomplexa?
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What is the outermost layer of the body wall of certain organisms?
What is the outermost layer of the body wall of certain organisms?
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What is the medical importance of ciliates?
What is the medical importance of ciliates?
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What is the primary characteristic of ciliates that aids in their movement?
What is the primary characteristic of ciliates that aids in their movement?
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What is the term for the outermost layer of the cell that covers the body wall of certain organisms?
What is the term for the outermost layer of the cell that covers the body wall of certain organisms?
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What is the purpose of testing the pH of the stool in relation to determining the etiologic agent?
What is the purpose of testing the pH of the stool in relation to determining the etiologic agent?
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What is a characteristic of the cyst that makes it resistant to the environment?
What is a characteristic of the cyst that makes it resistant to the environment?
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How does the cyst respond to high temperatures?
How does the cyst respond to high temperatures?
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What is the pH level indicative of a protozoan origin?
What is the pH level indicative of a protozoan origin?
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What is the significance of the cyst's resistance to low temperatures?
What is the significance of the cyst's resistance to low temperatures?
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What is the type of stool represented by the 'Cyst (Carrier)' in the given diagram?
What is the type of stool represented by the 'Cyst (Carrier)' in the given diagram?
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What is the sensitivity of the DFS test for detecting Entamoeba histolytica?
What is the sensitivity of the DFS test for detecting Entamoeba histolytica?
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What is the effect of ethyl acetate on the cyst in the detection process?
What is the effect of ethyl acetate on the cyst in the detection process?
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What is the alternative diagnostic method that can still be performed if the DFS test yields a false negative result?
What is the alternative diagnostic method that can still be performed if the DFS test yields a false negative result?
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What type of result may occur if the trophozoite is not detected by the DFS test?
What type of result may occur if the trophozoite is not detected by the DFS test?
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What is the approximate percentage of people affected by E.histolytica in different populations?
What is the approximate percentage of people affected by E.histolytica in different populations?
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Where is E.histolytica more commonly found?
Where is E.histolytica more commonly found?
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What is the significance of E.histolytica in terms of its impact on human health?
What is the significance of E.histolytica in terms of its impact on human health?
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What can be inferred about the living conditions of areas where E.histolytica is more commonly found?
What can be inferred about the living conditions of areas where E.histolytica is more commonly found?
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What is the importance of understanding the distribution of E.histolytica?
What is the importance of understanding the distribution of E.histolytica?
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Study Notes
Apicomplexa Morphology
- Apical complex is a structure that serves as the organ of attachment to host cells
- Cilia are present for locomotion
Body Wall Structure
- Body wall is covered by cell membrane or plasmalemma
Cysts
- Cysts are slightly resistant to environmental factors, similar to bacterial endospores
- Cysts are highly resistant to high temperatures, as well as low temperatures
- Cysts are present in solid stool (carrier state)
Diagnosis
- Stool pH testing can determine the etiologic agent
- Methods for diagnosis include:
- DFS (unknown definition)
- FECT (unknown definition)
- Sensitivity: 95%
- Ethyl acetate (does not melt cysts, only trophozoites, and may result in false negative results for trophozoites)
- F11/P12 PCR (may still be performed)
Epidemiology of E.histolytica
- Prevalence: 10-20% in different populations
- Distribution: High prevalence in rural areas
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Description
Learn about the morphology of Apicomplexa, including their structure and function, particularly the apical complex.
