Questions and Answers
What is biology?
The study of life.
The steps to the scientific method are: 1. identify the problem, 2. make a hypothesis, 3. create experiment, 4. perform experiment, 5. analyze data, 6. _____ lab.
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What is an independent variable?
What you change in the experiment that will test the subject.
What is a dependent variable?
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What is a control in an experiment?
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What is a scientific theory?
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What are scientific laws?
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What is an opinion in science?
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What do microscopes do?
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What do thermometers measure?
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What do balances measure?
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What unit is used to measure length?
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What unit is used to measure mass?
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What unit is used to measure temperature?
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What unit is used to measure volume?
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Which of the following are properties of life? (Select all that apply)
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What is metabolism?
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What does homeostasis refer to?
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What is reproduction?
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What does hereditary mean?
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What is evolution?
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What is total magnification?
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What are autotrophs?
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What are heterotrophs?
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What are consumers?
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What is a primary consumer?
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What is a secondary consumer?
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What are decomposers?
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What is a producer?
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What are predators?
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What is prey?
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What is a food chain?
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What is a food web?
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What is a trophic level?
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What is a population?
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What is a community in ecology?
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What are ecosystems?
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What is a habitat?
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What is a niche?
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What does biotic refer to?
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What does abiotic refer to?
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What are limiting factors?
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What is ecological succession?
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What is biodiversity?
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What is an atom?
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What is a proton?
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What is a neutron?
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What is an electron?
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What is atomic number?
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Study Notes
Biology Overview
- Biology is the scientific study of life.
- It examines various aspects of living organisms, including structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution.
Scientific Method Steps
- Identify the problem to be studied.
- Formulate a hypothesis as a possible explanation.
- Design and conduct an experiment to test the hypothesis.
- Analyze the collected data for patterns or results.
- Publish findings to share with the scientific community.
Variables in Experiments
- Independent Variable: The factor manipulated in an experiment.
- Dependent Variable: The outcome affected by changes in the independent variable.
- Control: A standard of comparison that remains constant.
Scientific Concepts
- Scientific Theory: A well-supported system of ideas that explains a range of observations.
- Scientific Laws: Universally accepted truths in nature.
Measurements in Biology
- Microscopes enlarge images of small objects for better visibility.
- Thermometers measure temperature.
- Balances are used to measure mass.
- Length is measured in meters (m).
- Mass is measured in grams (g).
- Temperature can be reported in Fahrenheit or Celsius.
- Volume is measured in liters (L).
Properties of Life
- Metabolism: The totality of chemical reactions in an organism.
- Homeostasis: Maintenance of stable internal conditions despite external changes.
- Reproduction: The biological process of producing offspring.
- Heredity: The transmission of genetic information from parents to offspring.
- Evolution: The process by which species change over time.
Magnification in Microscopy
- Total magnification is calculated by multiplying the power of the ocular lens by the objective lens.
Types of Organisms
- Autotrophs: Organisms that synthesize their own food, usually through photosynthesis.
- Heterotrophs: Organisms that rely on consuming others for energy and nutrients.
- Consumers obtain energy through feeding on other organisms.
- Producers create their own food and serve as a base for food webs.
Ecosystem Dynamics
- Primary Consumers: Organisms that feed directly on producers.
- Secondary Consumers: Organisms that eat primary consumers.
- Decomposers recycle nutrients by breaking down dead organisms and wastes.
- Predators hunt and consume prey.
Food Relationships
- Food Chain: A linear sequence showing energy transfer between organisms.
- Food Web: A complex network of interconnected food chains within an ecosystem.
- Trophic Level: Each stage in a food chain or food web, indicating the flow of energy.
Ecological Concepts
- Population: A group of individuals of the same species in a specific area.
- Community: A collection of interacting populations in a shared environment.
- Ecosystem: The interaction between biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components of an environment.
- Habitat: The natural environment where an organism lives.
- Niche: The role an organism plays in its environment, including its habitat and interactions.
Environmental Factors
- Biotic: Refers to all living components in an environment.
- Abiotic: Refers to non-living elements such as climate, soil, and water.
- Limiting Factors: Environmental conditions that restrict the growth, abundance, or distribution of organisms.
- Ecological Succession: The process of gradual change in species composition following a disturbance.
- Biodiversity: The variety of life found in a particular ecosystem, indicating its health and stability.
Atomic Structure
- Atom: The basic unit of matter, composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
- Proton: A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.
- Neutron: A neutral particle that contributes to the atomic mass.
- Electron: A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus.
- Atomic Number: Represents the number of protons in an atom, defining the element.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge of key biology concepts with these flashcards designed for 9th grade students. Covering important terms like the scientific method and variables, this quiz will help reinforce your understanding of life sciences.