Biology 9th Grade Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is biology?

The study of life.

The steps to the scientific method are: 1. identify the problem, 2. make a hypothesis, 3. create experiment, 4. perform experiment, 5. analyze data, 6. _____ lab.

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What is an independent variable?

What you change in the experiment that will test the subject.

What is a dependent variable?

The change that is caused by the independent variable. Signup and view all the answers

What is a control in an experiment?

Serves as a standard, or comparison. Signup and view all the answers

What is a scientific theory?

A system of ideas supported by evidence that explains many observations. Signup and view all the answers

What are scientific laws?

Truths that are found across the universe. Signup and view all the answers

What is an opinion in science?

A biased point of view. Signup and view all the answers

What do microscopes do?

Enlarge images of small objects. Signup and view all the answers

What do thermometers measure?

Temperatures. Signup and view all the answers

What do balances measure?

Mass. Signup and view all the answers

What unit is used to measure length?

Meter (m). Signup and view all the answers

What unit is used to measure mass?

Gram (g). Signup and view all the answers

What unit is used to measure temperature?

Fahrenheit/Celsius. Signup and view all the answers

What unit is used to measure volume?

Liter (l). Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are properties of life? (Select all that apply)

Reproduction Signup and view all the answers

What is metabolism?

The sum of all chemical reactions. Signup and view all the answers

What does homeostasis refer to?

Maintaining stable internal conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What is reproduction?

The sexual activity of conceiving and bearing offspring. Signup and view all the answers

What does hereditary mean?

Genetically transmitted or transmittable from parent to offspring. Signup and view all the answers

What is evolution?

Change over time. Signup and view all the answers

What is total magnification?

Ocular lens x objective lens. Signup and view all the answers

What are autotrophs?

Organisms that make their own food. Signup and view all the answers

What are heterotrophs?

Organisms that cannot make their own food. Signup and view all the answers

What are consumers?

An organism that obtains energy and nutrients by feeding on other organisms or their remains. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary consumer?

An organism that eats producers. Signup and view all the answers

What is a secondary consumer?

An organism that eats primary consumers. Signup and view all the answers

What are decomposers?

Organisms that break down wastes and dead organisms and return raw materials to the environment. Signup and view all the answers

What is a producer?

An organism that makes its own food. Signup and view all the answers

What are predators?

Animals that prey on others. Signup and view all the answers

What is prey?

An animal hunted or caught for food. Signup and view all the answers

What is a food chain?

A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten. Signup and view all the answers

What is a food web?

(Ecology) a community of organisms where there are several interrelated food chains. Signup and view all the answers

What is a trophic level?

Each step in a food chain or food web. Signup and view all the answers

What is a population?

A group of organisms of the same species populating a given area. Signup and view all the answers

What is a community in ecology?

A group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other. Signup and view all the answers

What are ecosystems?

All the living and nonliving things in an environment including their interactions with each other. Signup and view all the answers

What is a habitat?

Place where an organism lives. Signup and view all the answers

What is a niche?

Physical use of habitat and function with ecological community. Signup and view all the answers

What does biotic refer to?

Living things. Signup and view all the answers

What does abiotic refer to?

Nonliving things. Signup and view all the answers

What are limiting factors?

Conditions in the environment that put limits on where an organism can live. Signup and view all the answers

What is ecological succession?

Gradual change in living communities that follows a disturbance. Signup and view all the answers

What is biodiversity?

The variety of species living within an ecosystem. Signup and view all the answers

What is an atom?

Basic unit of matter. Signup and view all the answers

What is a proton?

Positively charged particle. Signup and view all the answers

What is a neutron?

An elementary particle with 0 charge and mass about equal to a proton. Signup and view all the answers

What is an electron?

An elementary particle with negative charge. Signup and view all the answers

What is atomic number?

Number of protons. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Biology Overview

Biology is the scientific study of life.
It examines various aspects of living organisms, including structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution.

Scientific Method Steps

Identify the problem to be studied.
Formulate a hypothesis as a possible explanation.
Design and conduct an experiment to test the hypothesis.
Analyze the collected data for patterns or results.
Publish findings to share with the scientific community.

Variables in Experiments

Independent Variable: The factor manipulated in an experiment.
Dependent Variable: The outcome affected by changes in the independent variable.
Control: A standard of comparison that remains constant.

Scientific Concepts

Scientific Theory: A well-supported system of ideas that explains a range of observations.
Scientific Laws: Universally accepted truths in nature.

Measurements in Biology

Microscopes enlarge images of small objects for better visibility.
Thermometers measure temperature.
Balances are used to measure mass.
Length is measured in meters (m).
Mass is measured in grams (g).
Temperature can be reported in Fahrenheit or Celsius.
Volume is measured in liters (L).

Properties of Life

Metabolism: The totality of chemical reactions in an organism.
Homeostasis: Maintenance of stable internal conditions despite external changes.
Reproduction: The biological process of producing offspring.
Heredity: The transmission of genetic information from parents to offspring.
Evolution: The process by which species change over time.

Magnification in Microscopy

Total magnification is calculated by multiplying the power of the ocular lens by the objective lens.

Types of Organisms

Autotrophs: Organisms that synthesize their own food, usually through photosynthesis.
Heterotrophs: Organisms that rely on consuming others for energy and nutrients.
Consumers obtain energy through feeding on other organisms.
Producers create their own food and serve as a base for food webs.

Ecosystem Dynamics

Primary Consumers: Organisms that feed directly on producers.
Secondary Consumers: Organisms that eat primary consumers.
Decomposers recycle nutrients by breaking down dead organisms and wastes.
Predators hunt and consume prey.

Food Relationships

Food Chain: A linear sequence showing energy transfer between organisms.
Food Web: A complex network of interconnected food chains within an ecosystem.
Trophic Level: Each stage in a food chain or food web, indicating the flow of energy.

Ecological Concepts

Population: A group of individuals of the same species in a specific area.
Community: A collection of interacting populations in a shared environment.
Ecosystem: The interaction between biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components of an environment.
Habitat: The natural environment where an organism lives.
Niche: The role an organism plays in its environment, including its habitat and interactions.

Environmental Factors

Biotic: Refers to all living components in an environment.
Abiotic: Refers to non-living elements such as climate, soil, and water.
Limiting Factors: Environmental conditions that restrict the growth, abundance, or distribution of organisms.
Ecological Succession: The process of gradual change in species composition following a disturbance.
Biodiversity: The variety of life found in a particular ecosystem, indicating its health and stability.

Atomic Structure

Atom: The basic unit of matter, composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Proton: A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.
Neutron: A neutral particle that contributes to the atomic mass.
Electron: A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus.
Atomic Number: Represents the number of protons in an atom, defining the element.

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Test your knowledge of key biology concepts with these flashcards designed for 9th grade students. Covering important terms like the scientific method and variables, this quiz will help reinforce your understanding of life sciences.