Podcast
Questions and Answers
Carbohydrates provide ______ kilocalories per gram when we eat.
Carbohydrates provide ______ kilocalories per gram when we eat.
4
The most common monosaccharide is ______.
The most common monosaccharide is ______.
glucose
Polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen are made of ______ or more monosaccharides.
Polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen are made of ______ or more monosaccharides.
three
Lipids provide ______ kilocalories per gram when we eat.
Lipids provide ______ kilocalories per gram when we eat.
Signup and view all the answers
The building blocks of lipids are glycerol and ______ fatty acids.
The building blocks of lipids are glycerol and ______ fatty acids.
Signup and view all the answers
Cellulose provides ______ support in plants.
Cellulose provides ______ support in plants.
Signup and view all the answers
Saturated fats are typically ______ at room temperature.
Saturated fats are typically ______ at room temperature.
Signup and view all the answers
Unsaturated fats contain at least one ______ or triple bond between carbons.
Unsaturated fats contain at least one ______ or triple bond between carbons.
Signup and view all the answers
Liquid at room temperature mainly includes plant-based fats such as ______ oil.
Liquid at room temperature mainly includes plant-based fats such as ______ oil.
Signup and view all the answers
We get 4 kilocalories per gram of ______ when we eat.
We get 4 kilocalories per gram of ______ when we eat.
Signup and view all the answers
Proteins are essential for growth and ______.
Proteins are essential for growth and ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The monomer of proteins is ______ acids.
The monomer of proteins is ______ acids.
Signup and view all the answers
______ acids provide our genetic information.
______ acids provide our genetic information.
Signup and view all the answers
A nucleotide is made up of sugar, phosphate, and a ______ base.
A nucleotide is made up of sugar, phosphate, and a ______ base.
Signup and view all the answers
Hemoglobin in red blood cells is an example of a ______.
Hemoglobin in red blood cells is an example of a ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Biology 8 - Unit 2: Life Processes of Living Things
- Theme: Live 5C's (Competence, Character, Commitment to Achieve, Collaboration, Creativity) achieved through academic rigor, growth mindset and grit
- Unit Focus: Biomolecules including carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins
Biomolecules
- Definition: Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins are essential organic molecules that make up living organisms.
- Note: These biomolecules are not necessarily obtained from food (nucleic acids)
Carbohydrates
-
General Info:
- Most common organic molecule vital for the body's energy needs
- Elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (1:2:1 ratio)
- Function: Main energy source
- Types of carbohydrates:
- Single sugar (monosaccharide): Glucose, fructose
- Two sugars (disaccharide): Maltose, sucrose
- Three or more sugars (polysaccharide): Starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin
- Examples: Chocolate, bread, pasta, fruits, vegetables (all from plants)
-
Polysaccharides:
- Starch: Energy storage in plants (e.g., potatoes, pasta, rice)
- Glycogen: Energy storage in animals (formed in the liver)
- Cellulose: Structural support for plants (in the cell wall)
- Chitin: Structural support for arthropods (insects, spiders) and some fungi (in cell walls)
- Energy Value: 4 kilocalories per gram
Lipids
-
General Info:
- Function: Storing energy, insulation, and making up the cell membrane.
- Elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
- Monomer: Glycerol and 3 fatty acids
- Polymers: Phospholipids, triglycerides
-
Types:
- Saturated: Solid at room temperature, single bonds between carbon atoms (e.g., animal fats)
- Unsaturated: Liquid at room temperature, at least one double or triple bond between carbon atoms (e.g., plant-based oils)
- Energy Value: 9 kilocalories per gram
Proteins
-
General Info:
- Function: Transport molecules in and out of cells, control chemical reactions, essential for growth and repair, fundamental structural components
- Composed of C, H, O, and N
- Monomer: Amino acids (20 different kinds)
- Polymer: Proteins (various types)
- Examples: Hemoglobin (in red blood cells), albumin, enzymes, antibodies
- Food Sources: Fish, eggs, meat, and so on
- Energy Value: 4 kilocalories per gram
Nucleic Acids
-
General Info:
- Function: Store genetic information; instructions for making proteins
- Elements: C, H, O, N, P
- Monomer: Nucleotides (sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base)
- Types: DNA and RNA (and ATP)
- Examples DNA (genetic code), RNA (protein recipe), ATP (energy carrier)
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers the essential biomolecules crucial for life, including carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. Explore their structures, functions, and the significance they hold in living organisms, as well as how these molecules are integral to energy needs and biological processes.
