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Questions and Answers
What is the primary reason for sleep, based on the given text?
What is the primary reason for sleep, based on the given text?
- To allow inhibitory processes in the brain (correct)
- To follow the light/dark cycle
- To synchronize with circadian rhythms
- To rest the body when tired
Which physiological functions exhibit circadian rhythmicity?
Which physiological functions exhibit circadian rhythmicity?
- Digestion and metabolism
- Temperature and heart rate (correct)
- Muscle activity and neural firing
- Respiration and blood circulation
What is the effect of a 'circadian load' on individuals suffering from cardiovascular disease?
What is the effect of a 'circadian load' on individuals suffering from cardiovascular disease?
- It reduces the body's ability to regulate temperature
- It leads to disturbances in digestion
- It affects the crucial period hours after awakening (correct)
- It causes imbalance in hormone secretion
What determines the length of the human internal clock cycle?
What determines the length of the human internal clock cycle?
What is the term used to describe the synchronization of the internal clock to external cues like light/dark cycle?
What is the term used to describe the synchronization of the internal clock to external cues like light/dark cycle?
What was observed in golden hamsters with a particular mutation in relation to their 'free-running' cycle?
What was observed in golden hamsters with a particular mutation in relation to their 'free-running' cycle?
Which of the following biological rhythms is not mentioned in the text?
Which of the following biological rhythms is not mentioned in the text?
What impact can circadian rhythms have on behavior, according to the text?
What impact can circadian rhythms have on behavior, according to the text?
What is the term for the occurrence when traveling across time zones requires adjusting the circadian rhythm?
What is the term for the occurrence when traveling across time zones requires adjusting the circadian rhythm?
Which stage of sleep helps consolidate learning and clear metabolic waste from the brain?
Which stage of sleep helps consolidate learning and clear metabolic waste from the brain?
What is the impact of sleep deprivation on cognitive abilities, according to the text?
What is the impact of sleep deprivation on cognitive abilities, according to the text?
Which of the following is affected by the circadian clock changes with age?
Which of the following is affected by the circadian clock changes with age?
What is the term for the basic rest-activity cycle of approximately 90 minutes in humans?
What is the term for the basic rest-activity cycle of approximately 90 minutes in humans?
Which stage of sleep improves navigation performance and hippocampal activity?
Which stage of sleep improves navigation performance and hippocampal activity?
What is the term for the occurrence when traveling across time zones requires adjusting the circadian rhythm?
What is the term for the occurrence when traveling across time zones requires adjusting the circadian rhythm?
What impact can circadian rhythms have on behavior, according to the text?
What impact can circadian rhythms have on behavior, according to the text?
Which stage of sleep helps consolidate learning and clear metabolic waste from the brain?
Which stage of sleep helps consolidate learning and clear metabolic waste from the brain?
What is the impact of sleep deprivation on cognitive abilities, according to the text?
What is the impact of sleep deprivation on cognitive abilities, according to the text?
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Study Notes
- Circadian rhythms, including wheel running in rodents, follow both externally imposed and internal cycles
- Humans have a basic rest-activity cycle of approximately 90 minutes, demonstrated through self-reported thoughts and EEG recordings
- Other biological rhythms include the human menstrual cycle, hibernation, and migration in birds
- The circadian clock changes with age, affecting sleep patterns in teenagers and older adults
- Circadian rhythms can have a significant impact on behavior, including work-related errors and vehicle accidents
- Jetlag occurs when traveling across time zones and requires adjusting the circadian rhythm
- Sleep deprivation studies show impaired cognitive abilities but no physiological stress response or impact on physical exercise
- The function of sleep is still not fully understood, with theories including energy conservation and restorative processes
- Slow wave sleep helps consolidate learning and clear metabolic waste from the brain
- REM sleep improves non-declarative memory and writing performance
- Deep sleep improves navigation performance and hippocampal activity.
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