W1-Biological Molecules
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Questions and Answers

What is the formula for all monosaccharides?

  • (CH2O)n-1
  • (CH2O)n (correct)
  • (CHO)n
  • (CH2O)2n

    • Which type of monosaccharide is ketone based?

  • Triose
  • Ketose (correct)
  • Tetrose
  • Aldose

    • How is the number of carbon atoms in a monosaccharide used to determine its name?

  • By using suffixes like triose, tetrose, pentose, etc.
  • By using alphabetical orders like alose, blose, close, etc.
  • By using prefixes like triose, tetrose, pentose, etc. (correct)
  • By using numerical values like 1ose, 2ose, 3ose, etc.

    • What type of bond releases H2O upon formation in disaccharides?

    <p>Glycosidic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of body fats?

    <p>Act predominantly as food reserves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule can intercalate into the membrane and reduce permeability for soluble molecules?

    <p>Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stabilizes the tertiary structure of proteins?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds and Van der Waal's forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of nucleotides as second messenger?

    <p>Involved in RNA synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes diabetes (insulin-dependent)?

    <p>Absence of a protein hormone (insulin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes DNA much more stable than RNA?

    <p>Single oxygen difference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general formula for carbohydrates?

    <p>(CH2O)n</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What proportion of the total cell weight do macromolecules constitute?

    <p>26%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of biological molecules are carbon-based, except for some small inorganic molecules?

    <p>Biological molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the most common organic compounds on earth?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of small molecules in cells?

    <p>As building blocks for macromolecules and have specific functions in their own right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category do lipids/fats belong to?

    <p>Small (Mw=100-1000, ~30 Catoms)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do proteins associate to form?

    <p>Functional units or larger structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Monosaccharides

    • The general formula for all monosaccharides is (CH2O)n.
    • Ketose-based monosaccharides are a type of monosaccharide that contain a ketone group.

    Naming Monosaccharides

    • The number of carbon atoms in a monosaccharide determines its name, with trioses having three carbon atoms, tetroses having four, and so on.

    Disaccharides

    • A glycosidic bond, which releases H2O upon formation, connects two monosaccharides in a disaccharide.

    Functions of Biomolecules

    • The primary function of body fats is to provide energy and insulation.
    • Nucleotides function as second messengers, sending signals within cells.
    • Proteins associate to form quaternary structures.

    Lipids

    • Lipids/fats belong to the category of biomolecules that are carbon-based, except for some small inorganic molecules.

    DNA and RNA

    • DNA is more stable than RNA because it is a double-stranded molecule.

    Carbohydrates

    • The general formula for carbohydrates is (CH2O)n.

    Cell Composition

    • Macromolecules, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids, constitute about 90% of the total cell weight.

    Biological Molecules

    • Organic compounds, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids, are the most common type of biological molecules on earth.
    • Small molecules, such as glucose and ATP, play a crucial role in cells, serving as energy sources and building blocks for larger molecules.

    Protein Structure

    • Hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and disulfide bonds stabilize the tertiary structure of proteins.

    Diabetes

    • Insulin-dependent diabetes, also known as Type 1 diabetes, is caused by the inability of the body to produce enough insulin.

    Membrane Structure

    • Cholesterol molecules can intercalate into the membrane, reducing permeability for soluble molecules.

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    Related Documents

    W2_Biological molecules.pptx

    Description

    Learn about the classification of biological molecules and their significance in life. Explore the different categories of small and large molecules, including sugars, amino acids, nucleotides, and lipids/fats.

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