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Questions and Answers
What is the primary energy-rich molecule that serves as an input in oxidative phosphorylation?
What is the primary energy-rich molecule that serves as an input in oxidative phosphorylation?
Which of the following best describes the role of zooxanthellae in corals?
Which of the following best describes the role of zooxanthellae in corals?
During coral bleaching, what is the main factor that contributes to the expulsion of zooxanthellae?
During coral bleaching, what is the main factor that contributes to the expulsion of zooxanthellae?
Which of the following correctly identifies a function of the cnidocytes found in corals?
Which of the following correctly identifies a function of the cnidocytes found in corals?
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What environmental factor is known to negatively influence the rate of skeleton growth in stony corals?
What environmental factor is known to negatively influence the rate of skeleton growth in stony corals?
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What type of organism primarily composes the coral holobiont along with corals?
What type of organism primarily composes the coral holobiont along with corals?
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Which of the following structures is responsible for the stinging ability of certain coral cells?
Which of the following structures is responsible for the stinging ability of certain coral cells?
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What is the primary composition of the skeleton secreted by coral polyps?
What is the primary composition of the skeleton secreted by coral polyps?
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In which form do corals typically exist within their habitats?
In which form do corals typically exist within their habitats?
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What is the role of zooxanthellae within the coral holobiont?
What is the role of zooxanthellae within the coral holobiont?
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Which type of symbiosis describes the relationship between corals and the organisms in the holobiont?
Which type of symbiosis describes the relationship between corals and the organisms in the holobiont?
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What do cyanobacteria provide to the coral holobiont that is vital for photosynthesis?
What do cyanobacteria provide to the coral holobiont that is vital for photosynthesis?
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What factor is necessary for corals to obtain their color through photosynthesis?
What factor is necessary for corals to obtain their color through photosynthesis?
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Study Notes
Case Study Groups
- Groups of students assigned for a case study are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8
- A list of students in each group is provided.
Biol 200 Final Case Study
- The case study is on Corals & Climate Change.
- It will be held on Wednesday, December 11, from 8:30 am to 11:00 am.
- The study will include an individual quiz (20 multiple-choice questions, 40 points).
- A group quiz (10 scratcher questions, 20 points).
- A group figure analysis & summary question (20 points)
- Information, resources, and student learning objectives are available on Moodle.
- Extra office hours are available for next week; use the Moodle link or email to schedule other times.
Day 35: Climate Change & Corals
- The topic for day 35 includes Coral holobiont, Climate change, and Figure analysis.
Learning Objectives (Pre-Case Study Quiz)
- Compare and contrast how energy and nutrients move through ecosystems.
- Explain how human activities are changing the carbon cycle and describe biological responses to those changes.
- Describe how organisms carry out nitrogen fixation, including the energy demands involved.
- Compare and contrast heterotrophy and autotrophy.
- Explain how photosynthesis captures light energy and transforms it into sugar.
- Name the carbon and energy inputs and outputs for the light-capturing reactions and the Calvin Cycle.
- Identify the electron donor and final electron acceptor for the light-capturing reactions and explain their relation to the overall equation for photosynthesis.
- Explain the process of photophosphorylation.
- Explain how cellular respiration converts energy in molecules (sugar or fats) into ATP.
- Name the four steps of cellular respiration.
- Name the carbon and energy inputs/outputs for oxidative phosphorylation, and identify the energy-rich molecule(s) that are the inputs and outputs.
- Identify the electron donor(s) and final electron acceptor for oxidative phosphorylation, and explain how they are related to the overall equation for cellular respiration.
- Describe the anatomy and key characteristics of corals.
- Name the phylum for corals.
- Draw a coral polyp (and its associated skeleton). Label and describe the function of the tentacles, mouth, gastrovascular cavity, endoderm, zooxanthellae, coenosarc, calyx, theca, and basal plate.
- Describe how corals feed, including the role of cnidocytes and nematocysts, tentacles, and gastrovascular cavity.
- Explain how stony corals build skeletons, and how environmental factors influence the rate of skeleton growth.
- Explain the organisms involved in the coral holobiont and their functions(role of zooxanthellae in corals, role of cyanobacteria in corals, other organisms).
- Describe risks coral reefs face (explain what happens during coral bleaching, the factors associated with it, how changes in the carbon cycle cause ocean acidification and ocean warming, why these changes affect corals, how stressors affect energy balance).
- Explain how different organisms involved in the coral holobiont can affect coral reef health and survival
Figure Analysis
- The first step involves labeling the top and bottom of the right Y-axis as "more acidic" or "more basic"
- The second step involves completing a table describing the trends (↑ Over Time, ↓ Over Time) observed in the color-coded symbols (red, green, blue) on the graph related to measuring air or seawater.
- The third step involves identifying which variables in the provided graph show the same trend and explaining why.
- The fourth step involves explaining what causes the observed pattern in seawater pH and its relationship to other variables in the provided diagram.
Exam 4 Performance
- Exam 4 average: 74
- Exam 4 median: 74
- Exam 4 high score: 99
- Exam 4 low score: 46.5
- Exam 4 grade distribution: A-6 (24%), B-5 (8%), C-7 (28%), D-3 (12%), F-7 (28%)
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