Structure of Coral Reefs

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Questions and Answers

What are some threats faced by coral reefs mentioned in the text?

  • Higher levels of freshwater in the ocean
  • Decreased sedimentation
  • Increased levels of oxygen in seawater
  • Exposure to ultraviolet radiation and pollution (correct)

How do tourists sometimes negatively impact coral reefs?

  • By planting more corals
  • By participating in reef cleanup activities
  • By respecting marine life and habitat
  • By touching corals and disturbing other animals (correct)

What is a consequence of overharvesting fish in coral reefs?

  • Growth of fish population
  • Decrease in sedimentation levels
  • Break up of reef sections and destruction of corals (correct)
  • Increase in coral population

How do fishers sometimes catch reef animals, causing harm to the reefs?

<p>Using dragnets and explosives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What efforts are mentioned in the text to protect coral reefs?

<p>Government programs and conservation groups working together (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What binds and cements shelly and calcareous organisms together on coral reefs?

<p>Algae and protozoans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of coral reef is formed when the reef is separated from the land by a shallow lagoon?

<p>Barrier reef (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature distinguishes a fringing reef from other types of coral reefs?

<p>Directly attached to the land (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what ocean can the largest island of coral formation, Kiritimati Atoll, be found?

<p>Pacific Ocean (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of marine plants help trap and stabilize sediment on coral reefs?

<p>Sea grasses and mangroves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic do all types of coral islands share?

<p>Low land above sea level (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are corals?

<p>Small marine animals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do corals build the main structural framework of a growing reef?

<p>By secreting calcium carbonate to form their skeletons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are coral reefs compared to rainforests?

<p>Because they provide habitats for diverse species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do coral reefs play in the economy of a region?

<p>They provide food for millions of people (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are coral reefs important for marine organisms?

<p>To create underwater habitats (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do certain species of fish use coral reefs for?

<p>As a refuge from predators (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of coral reefs mentioned in the text?

<p>Acting as barriers against storm and wave erosion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the largest coral reefs primarily found?

<p>Pacific and Indian Oceans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do reef-building corals need to live in relatively shallow ocean waters?

<p>To allow light penetration for photosynthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of zooxanthellae in coral reefs?

<p>Converting carbon dioxide into oxygen through photosynthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what depth do reef-building corals grow best?

<p>66 feet (20 meters) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do certain corals in colder climates not form reefs?

<p>Because they are solitary forms that do not require reefs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of fringing reefs compared to barrier reefs and atolls?

<p>They extend up to the beach at some points (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is known to decimate coral reefs by feeding on their soft tissues?

<p>Crown-of-thorns starfish (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What environmental event can cause corals to eject the zooxanthellae algae and turn white?

<p>Global warming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major issue associated with coral-rock borers mentioned in the text?

<p>They cause extensive damage by penetrating the rock (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reef has no visible relationship to any land?

<p>Atoll (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one possible consequence if the zooxanthellae algae do not return to the corals after bleaching?

<p>The corals will die (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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