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Questions and Answers
What is metabolism?
Total sum of series of enzymatic pathways that facilitate the build up and breakdown of biomolecules
What is bioenergetics?
Quantitative study of energy transduction
Which of the following metabolic processes breaks down biomolecules?
What do autotrophs use as their sole carbon source?
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What is the major source of energy for cells?
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Anabolic reactions utilize energy for the synthesis of _____ macromolecules.
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What is the end result of catabolic reactions?
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Name two types of cofactors produced in anabolic reactions.
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Metabolism only refers to catabolic processes.
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Study Notes
Bioenergetics and Metabolism Overview
- Metabolism encompasses all enzymatic pathways involved in anabolic (building up) and catabolic (breaking down) reactions of biomolecules.
- Bioenergetics is the quantitative study of energy transduction within these metabolic processes.
Metabolism of Biomolecules
- Focus areas include the metabolic pathways for carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
- Understanding whether metabolic reactions are energetically favorable is crucial for comprehension of energy transduction.
Autotrophs vs Heterotrophs
- Autotrophs utilize CO2 as their sole carbon source, making them self-sufficient.
- Heterotrophs rely on complex organic molecules for their carbon source.
Catabolic Reactions
- Catabolism involves enzymatic pathways that degrade biomolecules such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
- This process produces simpler end products like CO2, H2O, and NH3, while releasing energy.
- Catabolic pathways generate ATP and reduce electron carriers (NADH, NADPH, FADH2).
Anabolic Reactions
- Anabolism refers to pathways that synthesize cellular macromolecules from precursor molecules (amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, nitrogenous bases).
- These pathways require energy and lead to the formation of macromolecules like proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids.
- Products include oxidized cofactors such as NAD+, NADP+, FAD, ADP.
Key Player Molecules in Metabolism
- NAD+/NADH/NADP+/NADPH are essential in oxidation/reduction metabolic pathways.
- ATP serves as the primary energy source for cellular processes, acting as a product or substrate in numerous metabolic pathways.
- FAD/FMN/FADH2/FMNH2 are also involved in redox reactions within various metabolic pathways.
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Description
This quiz covers Chapter 13 of the BIOL 3080U course, focusing on the principles of bioenergetics and metabolism. It explores enzymatic pathways involved in anabolic and catabolic reactions related to biomolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
