30 Questions
What is the main function of the G1 phase in the cell cycle?
Produce protein, RNA, lipid, etc for normal functioning
What is the key process that occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle?
DNA Replication
What are replicated chromosomes called?
Chromatids
During DNA Replication, what do sister chromatids refer to?
Identical DNA strands within a chromosome
What is a pair of replicated Chromosome A called?
Homologous Chromosomes
In the G2 phase, what is the primary focus of cell growth for?
Mitosis
What is the main purpose of cell division in eukaryotic cells?
Reproduction, Tissue Renewal Repair, Growth and development
In which type of cell division do eukaryotic cells divide to produce germ cells like sperm and egg?
Meiosis
What is the result of bacterial and archaeal cell division through binary fission?
Production of clones
Which type of cell division is responsible for the growth and development of organisms?
Mitosis
What is the role of mitosis in eukaryotic cells?
Tissue Renewal and Repair
How does asexual reproduction differ from sexual reproduction in terms of genetic diversity?
Sexual reproduction creates genetically unique offspring.
Which nucleotide pairs in DNA are held together by 3 hydrogen bonds?
G-C
In DNA replication, where are new nucleotides added?
3' end
What enzyme is responsible for separating the two DNA strands during DNA replication?
Helicase
In eukaryotes, how many origins of replication are typically present?
Hundreds to thousands
What initiates the DNA replication process by recognizing a specific nucleotide sequence at the origin of replication?
Initiating proteins
In which direction does the leading strand replicate during DNA replication?
5' to 3'
What is the main purpose of photosynthesis?
To convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose using sunlight
Which statement best describes the role of chloroplasts in photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts absorb light energy to facilitate photosynthesis
What happens to pigment molecules during photosynthesis?
They convert light energy into chemical energy
Why is oxygen produced as a by-product of photosynthesis?
As a result of splitting water molecules during photosynthesis
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite processes
What does it mean for an electron to be in an 'excited state' during photosynthesis?
It has absorbed energy and moved to a higher energy level
In DNA replication, why is an RNA primer necessary?
To provide a starting point for DNA nucleotides to attach
Which enzyme is responsible for adding new nucleotides to the 3’ end of the RNA primer or the growing daughter strand?
DNA Polymerase
What is the function of DNA Polymerase in DNA replication?
Catalyze the addition of new nucleotides to the 3’ end
Why does DNA replication proceed in opposite directions on the leading and lagging strands?
Due to the antiparallel nature of DNA strands
What are Okazaki Fragments in DNA replication?
Sections of DNA plus attached RNA primers on the lagging strand
How are Okazaki Fragments joined together to complete DNA replication?
Via phosphodiester bonds between DNA fragments
This quiz covers topics discussed in BIOL 1500 Lecture 16 on March 11, 2024, focusing on Plant Biodiversity, Photosynthesis, Methods of Obtaining Carbon, and Autotrophs. It also includes reminders about upcoming assignments and tests. Not for sale or distribution; property of York University.
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