Biodiversity and Evolution
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism that drives the evolution of species according to Darwin?

  • Mutation
  • Genetic drift
  • Gene flow
  • Natural selection (correct)

    • What is the role of the environment in the process of natural selection?

  • Filtering changes and variations in traits (correct)
  • Increasing the mutation rate
  • Introducing new traits to a population
  • Determining the rate of genetic drift

    • What is the result of changes in the genetic code of an organism?

  • An increase in the mutation rate
  • A change in the characteristics and traits of the organism (correct)
  • A decrease in the population size
  • A loss of genetic information

    • What is the definition of evolution?

    <p>Any change in the inheritable traits within a population across generations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do organisms possessing adaptive characteristics have a better chance to survive and reproduce?

    <p>Because they are better suited to their environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of favored traits being expressed in a population?

    <p>Unfavored traits becoming less common</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the themes stressed by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in his work on organic evolution?

    <p>The adaptation of animals to environmental changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution build upon?

    <p>Lamarck’s ideas on the relationship of environment and evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Linnaean classification system?

    <p>To provide a universal naming system for organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the key factors that made it probable for the 'organic movement' in animals, according to Lamarck?

    <p>The movement of bodies and their different parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key differences between Lamarck’s and Darwin’s theories of evolution?

    <p>Lamarck stressed the role of environment, while Darwin stressed natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic used to identify species according to the morphological species concept?

    <p>Measurable phenotypic traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which a single species rapidly diversifies into new forms in response to changes in the environment?

    <p>Adaptive radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why Darwin’s theory of evolution was groundbreaking?

    <p>It challenged the theory of special creation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key implications of understanding biodiversity and evolution?

    <p>It helps in understanding the structure and function of ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lowest taxonomic rank in the biological classification of living things?

    <p>Species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic used to identify species according to the biological species concept?

    <p>Ability to interbreed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic used to identify species according to the polygenic species concept?

    <p>Unique genetic history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of decomposers in an ecosystem?

    <p>To break down dead organic matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the position an organism occupies in a food chain?

    <p>Trophic level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of consumer is a grasshopper that feeds on leaves from a cornstalk?

    <p>Primary consumer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a secondary consumer in a food chain?

    <p>Feeds on primary consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organism is a maya bird that feeds on a grasshopper?

    <p>Secondary consumer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the trophic level of a scavenger in a food chain?

    <p>What it consumes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary driver of the formation of new species, according to the gradualism model?

    <p>Gradual accumulation of adaptations to the environment over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs in periods of punctuated equilibrium, according to the theory?

    <p>Long periods of little change, followed by rapid changes through mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for changes in the DNA that can be passed on to succeeding generations?

    <p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of this chapter, according to the introduction?

    <p>The connection between living and nonliving things in an ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate result of the gradual accumulation of adaptations to the environment, according to the gradualism model?

    <p>The formation of new species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the environment in shaping the evolution and behavior of organisms, according to the chapter?

    <p>The environment plays a significant role in shaping the evolution and behavior of organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

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