Biodiversity and Conservation Efforts
42 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a significant issue caused by the introduction of non-native species to new environments?

  • Creation of natural predators in newly introduced habitats.
  • Strengthening of native species through adaptation.
  • Enhancement of biodiversity due to competition.
  • Destruction of native species as non-native species thrive. (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a cause of biodiversity loss mentioned?

  • Growing population.
  • Pollution control measures. (correct)
  • Overconsumption.
  • Natural disasters.

    • What role does the Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB) play in the Philippines?

  • It serves as the focal agency for biodiversity conservation agreements. (correct)
  • It is responsible for real estate management in urban areas.
  • It oversees mining and drilling activities in protected areas.
  • It manages forestry and agricultural activities exclusively.

    • What is the significance of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Program in relation to biological diversity?

    <p>It recognizes areas of global importance that support biodiversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conservation strategy is implemented through national parks to protect biodiversity?

    <p>Restricting extractive activities like mining and drilling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of human activity does the Clean Air Act in the Philippines primarily address?

    <p>Reduction of air pollution to protect ecosystems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do overconsumption and population growth complicate biodiversity loss?

    <p>They create pressure on natural resources and habitats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following acts supports the rights of indigenous peoples in relation to conservation efforts?

    <p>Indigenous Peoples Rights Act.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does intrinsic value refer to in the context of biodiversity?

    <p>The inherent worth of biodiversity regardless of its usefulness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does greater genetic diversity within a species influence its survival?

    <p>It enhances resistance to diseases and adaptability to changing environments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following human activities is NOT a cause of biodiversity loss?

    <p>Natural disasters like earthquakes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary effect of pollution on ecosystems?

    <p>Destruction of natural habitats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of biodiversity is considered through relationship value?

    <p>The personal connections and sense of well-being humans derive from nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the impact of human-driven climate change on biodiversity?

    <p>It has led to major drops in biodiversity through habitat loss and shifting climates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main causes of deforestation in Amazon countries?

    <p>Cattle ranching activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does biodiversity play in ecosystem services?

    <p>It provides essential services like pollination and nutrient cycling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT directly affected by greater genetic diversity within a species?

    <p>Availability of food resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential consequence of the decline in coral reef ecosystems?

    <p>Loss of habitat for numerous marine organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of organism serves as a critical link between producers and higher-level consumers by consuming plants or algae?

    <p>Herbivores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

    <p>To recycle inorganic molecules into the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a food web, which statement about trophic levels is correct?

    <p>Each trophic level represents a feeding position in the ecosystem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms would not be classified as heterotrophs?

    <p>Photosynthetic algae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the role played by an organism in its ecosystem, enabling it to occupy a particular place and maintain ecological balance?

    <p>Ecological Niche</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a food chain as opposed to a food web?

    <p>It represents a single pathway of energy flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of natural ecosystems?

    <p>They are artificially maintained by humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between biotic and abiotic factors in an environment?

    <p>Biotic factors are living organisms, while abiotic factors are nonliving elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ecosystem type includes bodies of water such as lakes and rivers?

    <p>Aquatic Ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which level of organization do closely related organisms that can interbreed belong?

    <p>Population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major consequence of biodiversity loss in ecosystems?

    <p>Disruption of ecological balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors would most likely lead to increased pollution in aquatic ecosystems?

    <p>Use of pesticides in agriculture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an artificial ecosystem?

    <p>Man-made wetlands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a habitat?

    <p>The physical place where an organism lives and breeds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does competition between organisms typically have on biodiversity?

    <p>It often leads to a decrease in biodiversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily affected when the energy flow in an ecosystem is disturbed?

    <p>Species diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily contributes to biodiversity loss due to human activities?

    <p>Habitat destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does pollution primarily have on ecosystems?

    <p>Disrupts energy flow and organism health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conservation strategy is most effective in maintaining biodiversity?

    <p>Establishing protected areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key cause of energy depletion when using non-renewable resources?

    <p>Inefficient energy conversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the First Law of Thermodynamics relate to ecological energy flow?

    <p>Energy changes form but remains constant in total within an ecosystem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What misconception exists about energy transformation according to the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

    <p>Some energy is inevitably lost as heat during transformations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of ecosystems, what does the term 'abiotic factors' refer to?

    <p>Non-living environmental elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the Sun play in ecosystems?

    <p>It serves as the primary source of energy for life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction of Non-Native Species

    • Non-native species introduced to new habitats can thrive due to lack of natural predators.
    • These species often harm native species, negatively impacting biodiversity.

    The Impact of Human Activities on Ecosystems

    • Human activities are the primary drivers of biodiversity loss.
    • Growing populations and overconsumption contribute to this problem.

    Conservation Efforts

    • Thousands of wilderness areas around the world are dedicated to protecting species and ecosystems.
    • Local, national, and international organizations work together to preserve biodiversity.
    • The UNESCO World Heritage Site Program recognizes areas of global importance, like the Pantanal wetlands in South America.
    • National parks restrict activities like mining and drilling to protect biodiversity within their boundaries.
    • The Jocotoco Foundation in Ecuador purchases land to conserve habitats of threatened wildlife.
    • The Philippines has implemented policies to conserve biodiversity, including the Philippine Wildlife Act, National Integrated Protected Areas System, Clean Air Act, and Ecological Solid Waste Management Act.

    Importance of Biodiversity

    • Greater genetic diversity within a species enhances its resistance to diseases and adaptability to environmental changes.
    • Biodiversity has utilitarian value, providing humans with essential resources like food, fuel, shelter, and medicine.
    • Ecosystems provide crucial services like pollination, seed dispersal, climate regulation, water purification, and pest control.
    • Biodiversity also holds cultural value, tied to spiritual and religious beliefs.
    • Intrinsic value refers to the inherent worth of biodiversity, independent of its usefulness to humans.
    • Relationship value emphasizes the interconnectedness of humans with each other and nature, shaping our sense of well-being and responsibility.

    The Impact of Human Activities on Ecosystems

    • Human activities are altering and destroying natural habitats, a major cause of biodiversity loss.
    • Shrinking habitats limit species' ability to survive, leading to declining genetic biodiversity.
    • Land clearing and pollution for agriculture, livestock, urbanization, mining, and industrial development contribute to habitat destruction.
    • Human-driven climate change and development have led to the loss of 35% of the world's wetlands since 1970.
    • Deforestation for lumber and cattle ranching accounts for 80% of deforestation in Amazon countries.
    • Palm oil plantations in Indonesia and Malaysia have destroyed large rainforest areas, threatening endangered wildlife.

    Pollution, Overfishing, and Overhunting

    • Pollution, overfishing, overhunting, and rising global temperatures due to human activity contribute to significant biodiversity loss.
    • Warmer ocean temperatures harm fragile ecosystems like coral reefs, which are vital habitats for various marine species.

    The Science of Ecology

    • Ecology studies the distribution and abundance of living organisms and their interactions with the environment.
    • It encompasses both physical habitat and interactions with other organisms.
    • Ecology is a branch of biology with overlaps with other fields like geography, geology, and environmental science.

    The Importance of Energy

    • Energy is essential for life and drives all processes within ecosystems.
    • The First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
    • The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that energy transformations result in some energy loss as heat.
    • The Sun is the primary source of energy for Earth.

    Flow of Energy: Producers and Consumers

    • Producers are organisms that create food for themselves and other organisms.
    • Photoautotrophs use sunlight for photosynthesis, including plants, algae, and certain bacteria.
    • Chemoautotrophs use chemical compounds for chemosynthesis, including some bacteria and archaea.
    • Consumers rely on producers for food, including animals and fungi.
    • Herbivores eat plants or algae, bridging producers and other consumers.
    • Carnivores eat animals.
    • Omnivores eat both plants and animals.
    • Decomposers break down waste and dead organisms, releasing inorganic molecules for producers.

    Food Chains and Food Webs

    • Food chains represent single pathways of energy and matter flow within an ecosystem.
    • Food webs represent multiple interconnected pathways of energy and matter flow, encompassing many food chains.

    Trophic Levels and Energy Transfer

    • Trophic levels describe feeding positions in food chains and webs.
    • The first trophic level includes producers, the second includes primary consumers, and so on.
    • Ecological pyramids illustrate energy decrease from lower to higher trophic levels.

    Levels of Organization

    • Species: closely related organisms capable of interbreeding.
    • Population: a group of the same species living in a particular area.
    • Community: an assemblage of different species living in a particular area.
    • Ecosystem: a functional unit of nature, including communities and their non-living environment.
    • Biome: a collection of similar ecosystems over a large geographical area.
    • Biosphere: all biomes combined, encompassing the parts of Earth inhabited by organisms.
    • Habitat: the specific place where an organism lives.
    • Ecological niche: an organism´s role in an ecosystem, encompassing its way of life and position within the community.

    Types of Ecosystems

    • Natural ecosystems:
      • Terrestrial: land-based ecosystems, including forests, grasslands, and deserts.
      • Aquatic: water-based ecosystems, including freshwater and marine environments.
    • Artificial ecosystems:
      • Man-made ecosystems where natural balance is disturbed by human intervention, like croplands, cities, and aquariums.

    Artificial Ecosystems: Examples

    • Croplands: such as sugarcane, maize, wheat, rice-fields, and orchards.
    • Villages, cities, dams and aquariums are examples of artificial ecosystems.
    • Manned spaceships also qualify as artificial ecosystem.

    The Science of Ecology

    • The term "ecology" originates from the Greek words "oikos" (household) and "logos" (knowledge).
    • It explores the relationship between organisms and their environment, including both biotic and abiotic factors.

    The Importance of Energy

    • Energy is the capacity to do work or transfer heat, existing in forms like light, heat, and electricity.
    • Flow of energy sustains life on Earth, governed by the laws of thermodynamics.
    • First Law of Thermodynamics: energy is conserved and transformed but not created or destroyed.
    • Second Law of Thermodynamics: energy transformations lead to some energy loss as heat.

    Flow of Energy: Producers and Consumers

    • Producers convert inorganic molecules into organic compounds, using energy sources like sunlight (photoautotrophs) or chemical compounds (chemoautotrophs).
    • Producers form the basis of food webs and ensure the flow of energy through ecosystems.
    • Consumers obtain energy by consuming other organisms, including herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and decomposers.
    • Decomposers play a crucial role in recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem, making them available for producers.

    Food Chains and Food Webs

    • Food chains illustrate single pathways of energy flow through an ecosystem.
    • Food webs depict multiple interconnected food chains, illustrating the complex web of energy flow within an ecosystem.

    Trophic Levels and Energy Transfer

    • Trophic levels represent the feeding positions within food chains and webs.
    • Each trophic level represents a step in the energy flow, with energy decreasing as it flows from lower to higher levels.
    • Ecological pyramids visualize this energy flow, showing how energy is progressively lost at each trophic level.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    iACADEMY Principles of Ecology PDF

    Description

    Explore the critical issues surrounding biodiversity, including the impact of non-native species and human activities on ecosystems. Discover the various conservation efforts and organizations working to protect global species and habitats, such as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. This quiz will test your knowledge on the importance of preserving biodiversity for future generations.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser