Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which mineral's over accumulation is known to decrease nerve impulse transmission?
Which mineral's over accumulation is known to decrease nerve impulse transmission?
Which amino acid is allowed to cross the blood-brain barrier?
Which amino acid is allowed to cross the blood-brain barrier?
Which disease is caused by the accumulation of excess sphingomyelin?
Which disease is caused by the accumulation of excess sphingomyelin?
Which neurotransmitter does NOT have both inhibitory and excitatory actions depending on receptor binding?
Which neurotransmitter does NOT have both inhibitory and excitatory actions depending on receptor binding?
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Which vitamin is least significant in the metabolism of the nervous system?
Which vitamin is least significant in the metabolism of the nervous system?
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What happens when GABA binds to its GABA-B receptor?
What happens when GABA binds to its GABA-B receptor?
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Which statement about neurons is incorrect?
Which statement about neurons is incorrect?
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Wernicke-Korsakoff encephalopathy can be caused by deficiency of which vitamin?
Wernicke-Korsakoff encephalopathy can be caused by deficiency of which vitamin?
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Why do neurons not prefer fatty acids as an energy source?
Why do neurons not prefer fatty acids as an energy source?
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What is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord and brain stem?
What is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord and brain stem?
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Which glucose transporter is involved in supplying glucose to brain cells?
Which glucose transporter is involved in supplying glucose to brain cells?
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Which neurotransmitter is known to control inflammatory responses?
Which neurotransmitter is known to control inflammatory responses?
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Which disorder is caused by a deficiency of UDP-GlcNAc phosphotransferase?
Which disorder is caused by a deficiency of UDP-GlcNAc phosphotransferase?
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Study Notes
Biochemistry Test for CNS Module
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GABA-B Receptor Binding: When GABA binds to its GABA-B receptor, it closes potassium channels and closes calcium channels.
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Neuron Energy Production: Neurons obtain energy through ATP generation via de/polarization and nerve impulse transmission. They do not utilize anaerobic glycolysis or synthesize ketone bodies in the fed state.
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Wernicke-Korsakoff Encephalopathy: This disorder is caused by a deficiency in vitamin B1 (thiamine).
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Neuron Energy Sources: Neurons do not prefer fatty acids as a primary energy source due to slower metabolic rate and insufficient enzymes for oxidation.
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Inhibitory Neurotransmitter: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in spinal cord and brain stem.
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Glucose Transport: Glucose is the primary energy source for the brain, and it requires continuous supply. Glucose transporter GLUT-3 is especially important.
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Neurotransmitter Control of Inflammation: Nitric oxide is involved in regulating inflammatory responses.
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Nervous System Disorders: Disorders such as Gaucher's disease (accumulation of sphingomyelin), mucolipidoses II, and Sanfilippo syndrome can result from impaired carbohydrate metabolism.
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Electrolyte Impact on Nerve Function: Mineral overaccumulation such as copper can decrease nerve impulse transmission. Potassium plays an important role in nerve impulses.
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Blood-Brain Barrier and Amino Acids: The blood-brain barrier prevents some amino acids (such as alanine, aspartate) from fully entering the brain, except for glutamate.
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Neurological Diseases and Lipid Metabolism: Neurological diseases can arise from abnormal lipid metabolism, with conditions such as Tay-Sachs disease, Gaucher's disease, and Niemann-Pick syndrome resulting from different lipid accumulation processes.
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Neurotransmitter Actions: Certain neurotransmitters like norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and dopamine have both inhibitory and excitatory effects, depending on the specific receptor type, and their significance in nervous system metabolism.
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Vitamins and Nervous System Function: Some vitamins (like vitamin B6, vitamin C, and vitamin K) are significantly relevant to the functions of nervous system metabolism.
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Neurotransmitter Precursors: Specific neurotransmitters (as in the example of the bonus question) have specific precursors from which they are derived.
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Description
This quiz assesses knowledge on key biochemistry concepts related to the central nervous system (CNS). Topics include GABA receptor functions, energy production in neurons, and the impact of vitamin B1 deficiency. Prepare to evaluate your understanding of neurotransmitters and energy sources vital for brain function.
