Biochemistry Pathways Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is produced through the shikimate pathway?

  • Cholesterol
  • Fatty acids
  • Aromatic amino acids (correct)
  • Steroids

    • Secondary metabolism is directly involved in an organism's growth and development.

    False

    What are the two precursors of the acetate-malonate pathway?

    Acetyl-CoA and Malonyl-CoA

    The final product of the shikimate pathway is _________.

    <p>Chorismate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is produced as a precursor in both the mevalonate and cholesterol pathways?

    <p>Isopentenyl pyrophosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Terpenoids are solely produced from the mevalonate pathway.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the first product formed in the acetate-malonate pathway.

    <p>Acetoacetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the terpenoid types with their carbon count:

    <p>Triterpenoids = 30 carbon atoms Monoterpenoids = 10 carbon atoms Diterpenoids = 20 carbon atoms Sesquiterpenoids = 15 carbon atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Secondary metabolism produces organic compounds that are directly involved in growth and development.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the first compound formed in the mevalonate pathway.

    <p>β-Hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final product of the mevalonate pathway?

    <p>Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Triterpenoids actually contain __________ carbon atoms.

    <p>30</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is a direct precursor in both the mevalonate and cholesterol pathways?

    <p>Acetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the aromatic amino acids produced by the shikimate pathway?

    <p>L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, L-tryptophan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of terpenoids with their carbon atom count:

    <p>Monoterpenoids = 10 carbon atoms Sesquiterpenoids = 15 carbon atoms Diterpenoids = 20 carbon atoms Tetraterpenoids = 40 carbon atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A product of the acetate-malonate pathway is __________.

    <p>Palmitic Acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Secondary metabolism is primarily involved in the development and growth of organisms.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substrate is required for the conversion of shikimate to shikimate 3-phosphate?

    <p>Phosphoenolpyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first compound formed in the shikimate pathway?

    <p>3-Deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) is not used in the synthesis of terpenoids.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name a main product synthesized from the cholesterol pathway.

    <p>Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cholesterol is produced from __________ in the cholesterol pathway.

    <p>Acetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following pathways to their ultimate products:

    <p>Shikimate pathway = Aromatic Amino Acids Cholesterol pathway = Cholesterol Mevalonate pathway = Terpenoids Acetyl-CoA metabolism = Fatty Acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the shikimate pathway produce?

    <p>Aromatic amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Palmitic acid is the only product formed in the acetate-malonate pathway.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the two main precursors of the shikimate pathway.

    <p>Erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Farnesyl pyrophosphate is synthesized in the __________ pathway.

    <p>cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of terpenoid contains 10 carbon atoms?

    <p>Monoterpenoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary product of the shikimate pathway is cholesterol.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one product of the cholesterol pathway?

    <p>Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The shikimate pathway ultimately leads to the formation of __________ amino acids.

    <p>aromatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What step directly follows the formation of β-Hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA in the mevalonate pathway?

    <p>Formation of Mevalonic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following metabolic pathways with their primary products:

    <p>Shikimate pathway = Aromatic amino acids Cholesterol pathway = Cholesterol Acetate-malonate pathway = Fatty acids Mevalonate pathway = Isoprenoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which product is formed by the reaction of Acetyl-CoA and Acetoacetyl-CoA?

    <p>β-Hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chorismate is the final product of the shikimate pathway.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one primary product produced by the acetate-malonate pathway?

    <p>Fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The precursor used in both the mevalonate and cholesterol pathways is __________.

    <p>Acetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway is associated with the production of steroid hormones?

    <p>Cholesterol pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The shikimate pathway produces fatty acids as its main products.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key intermediate in the production of terpenoids and steroids?

    <p>Isopentenyl pyrophosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Palmitic acid is the result of the final step in the __________ pathway.

    <p>acetate-malonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following pathways with their products:

    <p>Mevalonate pathway = Steroid hormones Shikimate pathway = Aromatic amino acids Acetate-malonate pathway = Fatty acids Cholesterol pathway = Cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound serves as the primary precursor for the mevalonate pathway?

    <p>Acetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Shikimate Pathway

    • The shikimate pathway produces aromatic amino acids, including L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, and L-phenylalanine.
    • The pathway begins with erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate.
    • The final product of the pathway is chorismate.

    Secondary Metabolism

    • Secondary metabolism produces organic compounds that are not directly involved in growth and development.
    • These compounds often have ecological functions, such as defense against herbivores.

    Acetate-malonate Pathway

    • The acetate-malonate pathway utilizes acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA as precursors.
    • The pathway synthesizes fatty acids, starting with the formation of acetoacetyl-CoA.
    • Palmitic acid is the most common product of this pathway.

    Mevalonate Pathway

    • The mevalonate pathway uses acetyl-CoA as a precursor.
    • The pathway synthesizes isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), a key intermediate for both terpenoids and steroids.
    • The first product formed is β-Hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA), followed by mevalonic acid.

    Cholesterol Pathway

    • The cholesterol pathway produces cholesterol and various steroid hormones.
    • The pathway uses Acetyl-CoA as a precursor.
    • Farnesyl pyrophosphate, a key intermediate in the synthesis of various steroids, is also produced.

    Terpenoids

    • Terpenoids are synthesized via the mevalonate pathway from isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP).
    • Monoterpenoids contain 10 carbon atoms, sesquiterpenoids contain 15 carbon atoms, diterpenoids contain 20 carbon atoms, and triterpenoids contain 30 carbon atoms.
    • Tetraterpenoids contain 40 carbon atoms.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key metabolic pathways in biochemistry, including the shikimate pathway, secondary metabolism, acetate-malonate pathway, and mevalonate pathway. Test your understanding of the origin of aromatic amino acids, organic compounds, fatty acids, and isoprenoids.

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