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Questions and Answers
What is biochemistry?
What is biochemistry?
The study of biology at a molecular level.
Which of the following are biological molecules that are important to life? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are biological molecules that are important to life? (Select all that apply)
- Gases
- Nucleic Acids (correct)
- Lipids (correct)
- Proteins (correct)
What are the functions of carbohydrates?
What are the functions of carbohydrates?
Used for energy storage and supply; can also be used structurally.
What role do proteins have?
What role do proteins have?
Why is water important in biological reactions?
Why is water important in biological reactions?
A covalent bond forms when atoms share ______ to stabilize their energy levels.
A covalent bond forms when atoms share ______ to stabilize their energy levels.
Carbon has six electrons in its outer energy level.
Carbon has six electrons in its outer energy level.
Double bonds occur when atoms share ______ electrons.
Double bonds occur when atoms share ______ electrons.
What do enzymes do?
What do enzymes do?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Biochemistry
- Biochemistry explores biology at the molecular level, emphasizing the significance of chemical molecules in biological processes.
- Key focuses include understanding the relationships between structure and function of biomolecules.
Biological Molecules
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Carbohydrates
- Vital for life, used for energy storage and supply.
- Structurally important in forms such as cellulose.
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Lipids
- Include fats, oils, cholesterol, and steroids.
- Role in cellular membranes, insulation, protection, and as a minor energy source.
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Proteins
- Serve various functions including transport and structural roles.
- Constitutive of enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and haemoglobin.
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Water
- Essential for life, involved in metabolic reactions.
- Key structural component in plants and a critical part of animal diets.
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Nucleic Acids
- Responsible for DNA and RNA formation, consisting of nucleotides.
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Enzymes
- Specialized proteins that catalyze metabolic reactions across living organisms.
Chemistry Basics
- Focus on organic chemistry, where most biomolecules are carbon-based (excluding water, which is H2O).
- Understanding chemical bonding is crucial for grasping the stability and function of biomolecules.
Chemical Bonds
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Covalent Bonds
- Formed when atoms share electrons, stabilizing the atom.
- Carbon can form four covalent bonds due to having four outer electrons.
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Double Bonds
- Atoms can share multiple electrons to stabilize themselves.
- Common examples include carbon-carbon (C=C) and carbon-oxygen (C=O) double bonds.
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