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Questions and Answers
Which discipline focuses on the study of life at the molecular level?
Which discipline focuses on the study of life at the molecular level?
- Genetics
- Molecular biology
- Physiology
- Bio-chemistry (correct)
Catabolism and anabolism are best described as:
Catabolism and anabolism are best described as:
- Processes that deal solely with energy storage
- Functions of the cell membrane
- Part of the respiratory system only
- Processes involved in energy release and energy usage (correct)
Which molecule is crucial in linking catabolism with anabolism?
Which molecule is crucial in linking catabolism with anabolism?
- Enzymes
- DNA
- ATP (correct)
- Water
What term did Purkinje coin related to the living matter of the cell?
What term did Purkinje coin related to the living matter of the cell?
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How many types of fundamental biological molecules are there?
How many types of fundamental biological molecules are there?
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What word, originating from Greek, signifies 'change' in the context of biochemical processes inside cells?
What word, originating from Greek, signifies 'change' in the context of biochemical processes inside cells?
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Study Notes
Biological Molecules
- Biochemistry is the study of chemical components of living things, focusing on the molecular level.
- It involves the study of biological processes, such as transcription and translation, and proteomics.
Metabolism
- Metabolism refers to the biological and biochemical processes that occur inside cells.
- The Greek word "metabolism" means "change".
- There are two types of metabolism:
- Catabolism: breaking down complex molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy (exergonic, energy-releasing).
- Anabolism: building up simple molecules into complex ones, using energy (endergonic, energy-requiring).
Energy and ATP
- ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is a molecule that provides energy for biological processes.
- Energy is released during catabolism and used during anabolism.
Protoplasm
- Protoplasm is the living matter of a cell, discovered by Dujardin (1835).
- The term "protoplasm" was coined by Purkinjee (1839).
- Cytoplasm is a part of protoplasm.
Types of Biological Molecules
- There are four fundamental types of biological molecules:
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Lipids
- Nucleic acids
- These molecules are also known as biomolecules or organic molecules.
- Inorganic molecules, such as H2O, CO2, and minerals, are also present in living organisms.
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