8 Questions
Which enzyme catalyzes the formation of Acyl-CoA during the activation of fatty acids?
Acyl-CoA synthetase (thiokinase)
Which hormone reduces the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols?
Insulin
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) promotes lipolysis by activating which enzyme?
Hormone-sensitive lipase
Perilipin is involved in which of the following functions?
Formation of lipid droplets in adipocytes
Which of the following hormones is NOT involved in the promotion of lipolysis?
Insulin
The degradation of phospholipids is primarily performed by which enzyme?
Phospholipase
Which of the following is a location where phospholipase can be found?
Pancreatic juice
Pathogenic bacteria produce phospholipase to achieve what effect?
Dissolve cell membranes and allow the spread of infection
Study Notes
Control of Triacylglycerols Metabolism
- Triacylglycerols are stored in adipose tissue lipid droplets and undergo continuous lipolysis and biosynthesis.
- Two main factors regulate the rate of triacylglycerol synthesis and degradation: hormones and perilipin.
Hormonal Regulation
- Insulin stimulates triacylglycerol biosynthesis and reduces hydrolysis.
- Several hormones promote lipolysis by activating hormone-sensitive lipase, including:
- Epinephrine
- Norepinephrine
- Glucagon
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- Melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSH)
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- Growth hormone (GH)
Perilipin Regulation
- Perilipin is a protein involved in lipid droplet formation in adipocytes, enabling coordinated storage and breakdown of triacylglycerol according to metabolic needs.
Metabolism of Phospholipids
- Phospholipid metabolism involves hydrolysis and biosynthesis, with a focus on hydrolysis.
Hydrolysis of Phospholipids
- Phospholipase enzyme degrades phospholipids and is found in:
- All tissues
- Pancreatic juice
- Toxins
- Pathogenic bacteria (to dissolve cell membranes and spread infection)
- Lysosomes
Learn about the regulation of triacylglycerols metabolism, including the role of hormones and perilipin in lipolysis and biosynthesis.
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