Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the relationship between monomers and polymers?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between monomers and polymers?
- Monomers are large molecules that combine to form smaller polymers.
- Monomers and polymers are unrelated structures within a cell.
- Polymers are small units that serve as the building blocks of monomers.
- Polymers are large molecules composed of many repeating monomer subunits. (correct)
A scientist discovers a new molecule that is primarily composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Which macromolecule is this MOST likely to be?
A scientist discovers a new molecule that is primarily composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Which macromolecule is this MOST likely to be?
- A protein, due to the presence of carbonyl groups.
- A lipid, due to its insolubility in water.
- A carbohydrate, considering its elemental composition. (correct)
- A nucleic acid, because of the presence of oxygen.
Proteins are composed of monomer amino acid units. Which of the following functions are proteins responsible for?
Proteins are composed of monomer amino acid units. Which of the following functions are proteins responsible for?
- Storing genetic information
- Managing chemical reactions for the body (correct)
- Forming the cell membrane
- Insulating the body
How does the structure of unsaturated fats differ from that of saturated fats?
How does the structure of unsaturated fats differ from that of saturated fats?
Scientists created a new substance using synthetic polymers. What is the main benefit of using synthetic polymers as opposed to natural resources?
Scientists created a new substance using synthetic polymers. What is the main benefit of using synthetic polymers as opposed to natural resources?
If a certain type of fat is chemically modified to become saturated, what kind of fat is it?
If a certain type of fat is chemically modified to become saturated, what kind of fat is it?
Which of the following determines the function of a nucleic acid?
Which of the following determines the function of a nucleic acid?
What is the monomer unit of nucleic acids?
What is the monomer unit of nucleic acids?
Which type of macromolecule is primarily responsible for forming cell membranes and providing insulation for the body?
Which type of macromolecule is primarily responsible for forming cell membranes and providing insulation for the body?
What are the three parts that make up nucleic acid?
What are the three parts that make up nucleic acid?
Flashcards
What are monomers?
What are monomers?
A small unit or molecule that can bind to other monomers to form a polymer.
What are polymers?
What are polymers?
Large molecules made of many monomers linked together.
What is a synthetic polymer?
What is a synthetic polymer?
A man-made product that replaces a natural substance.
What are macromolecules?
What are macromolecules?
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What are carbohydrates?
What are carbohydrates?
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What are proteins?
What are proteins?
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What are lipids?
What are lipids?
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What are saturated fats?
What are saturated fats?
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What are unsaturated fats?
What are unsaturated fats?
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What are nucleic acids?
What are nucleic acids?
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Study Notes
- Large molecules are made of smaller units
- What molecules are needed for life?
Monomers
- Small unit
Polymers
- Made of many monomers
- Also known as macromolecules (living things)
Synthetic polymers
- A man-made product that replaces a natural source or is a new substance
- Can be cost-effective or preserve natural resources
Macromolecules
- There are 4 main types
Biochemistry
- Science of living chemistry
Carbohydrates
- Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in polymer form
- Made of monomers that are starches and sugars
- Sources include fruits, veggies, and grains
Proteins
- Made of monomer amino acid units
- Contain a carbonyl functional group
- Make up hair, blood, muscle, skin, and tendons
- Responsible for managing chemical reactions for your body
- Sources are meats, dairy products, beans, nuts, and eggs
Lipids
- Fats
- Made up of carbon, hydrogen, with some oxygen
- Make up all cell membranes
- Cushions and insulates the body
- Sources are fats, waxes, oil, and cholesterol (consume and make)
Types of Fats
- Saturated fats have the maximum number of hydrogen attached to the carbon backbone
- Unsaturated fats have double bonds in the carbon backbone so some hydrogen is eliminated
- Trans fats are chemically modified to make an unsaturated fat saturated
Nucleic Acid
- Polymers that contain instructions for reproduction, growth, protein function, and cell processes
- Monomer unit is a nucleotide
- Contains a phosphate group, a sugar and a nitrogen base
- There are 2 types, DNA and RNA
Examples
- Nylon
- Plastics
- Flame-resistant fabric
- Kelvar
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