15 Questions
What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?
They decrease the activation energy
Which part of the enzyme is responsible for binding to the substrate?
Active site
What is a holoenzyme?
A complete, functional enzyme with its cofactors
What happens when a substrate binds to an enzyme’s active site?
An enzyme-substrate complex is formed
What do enzymes do to the energy barrier required for a reaction to occur?
Lower the energy barrier
How do enzymes achieve faster reaction rates in biological reactions?
By decreasing the energy barrier
What are the two groups into which cofactors can be subdivided?
Metals and small organic molecules
Which type of enzymatic action involves joining two or more substrate molecules together?
Synthesis
What are the most common cofactors called if they are also metal ions?
Metal ions
Which family of enzymes is responsible for assisting in the breakdown of carbohydrates?
Amylases
What type of specificity involves the enzyme acting on a particular steric or optical isomer?
Stereochemical specificity
In the lock-and-key model of enzyme binding, how does the active site change during substrate binding?
The active site remains rigid and does not change at all
Which model of enzyme binding proposes that the enzyme changes its shape for substrate binding, forming a shape complementary to the substrate only after it has been bound?
Induced-fit model
What is the term for cofactors that are tightly bound to enzymes?
Prosthetic groups
Which group specificity involves the enzyme acting only on molecules with specific functional groups such as amino, phosphate, and methyl groups?
Group specificity
Learn about enzymes as proteinic molecules that act as catalysts to speed up biological reactions, their role as biocatalysts, and the structure of holoenzymes. This lecture also covers the specific region where the substrate binds to enzymes.
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