Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the name of the genetic disorder caused by the deficiency of enzyme HGPRT?
What is the name of the genetic disorder caused by the deficiency of enzyme HGPRT?
Which enzyme is deficient in Type I Crigler-Najjar Syndrome?
Which enzyme is deficient in Type I Crigler-Najjar Syndrome?
Which of the following enzymes of the heme synthesis pathway is found in the cytosol?
Which of the following enzymes of the heme synthesis pathway is found in the cytosol?
Which lipoprotein transports triglycerides from the intestine to peripheral tissues?
Which lipoprotein transports triglycerides from the intestine to peripheral tissues?
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Which of the following is not involved in the production of Creatine?
Which of the following is not involved in the production of Creatine?
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What is the process of generating glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors called?
What is the process of generating glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors called?
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Which of the following is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation of the gene that encodes for LDL receptor?
Which of the following is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation of the gene that encodes for LDL receptor?
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What is the byproduct of guanine degradation in the body?
What is the byproduct of guanine degradation in the body?
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Which enzyme is responsible for converting glycine to creatine?
Which enzyme is responsible for converting glycine to creatine?
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Which of the following lipoproteins is involved in the transport of cholesterol from the liver to peripheral tissues?
Which of the following lipoproteins is involved in the transport of cholesterol from the liver to peripheral tissues?
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Study Notes
Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis
- During lactate formation, NAD is reconverted into NADH.
- Pyruvate kinase deficiency leads to hemolytic anemia.
- Arsenate poisoning inhibits the step involving 3-phosphoglycerate mutase, Enolase, Pyruvate kinase, or Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
- The Cori Cycle involves the transport of lactate from skeletal muscle to the liver for gluconeogenesis.
- The net gain of ATP during the conversion of glucose to pyruvate is 2 ATP.
- Glucagon is the hormone responsible for increasing gluconeogenesis in the liver during prolonged starvation.
- Lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate.
- Acetyl CoA is not a substrate for gluconeogenesis.
Enzymes and Reactions
- The conversion of glucose to pyruvate generates 2 NADH molecules.
- The conversion of glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate to 1-3-bisphosphoglycerate generates NADH.
- Lipoprotein lipase is present in the endothelial surfaces of adipose tissues in the heart and is required for hydrolysis and release of triglycerides from chylomicrons.
- Apolipoprotein present in chylomicron serves as the activator of lipoprotein lipase.
Biochemistry and Pathology
- Glucose oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H202).
- Elevated cholesterol levels may occur with hypothyroidism.
- Creatinine is an interfering factor of glucose measurement.
- High levels of ascorbic acid do not interfere with chromogen for H2O2 in glucose assay.
- Clofibrate increases serum TG level.
- DiacetylMonoxime (DAM) is a chemical method of serum urea measurement.
- Hypocalcemia increases serum phosphate level.
Bilirubin and Cholesterol
- Bilirubin is the product of globin.
- Total bilirubin is direct bilirubin + indirect bilirubin.
- Indirect bilirubin is unconjugated bilirubin.
- Bilirubin is measured by the diazo method.
- The acceptable range of serum cholesterol level is 200 mg/dl.
Genetic Disorders
- Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is caused by the deficiency of enzyme HGPRT.
- UDP glucuronosyl transferase is the enzyme deficient in Type I Crigler-Najjar Syndrome.
- delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase I is an enzyme found in the cytosol of the heme synthesis pathway.
- Familial Hypercholesterolemia is a codominant genetic disorder caused by a mutation of the gene that encodes for LDL receptor.
- Chylomicron is the lipoprotein that transports triglycerides from the intestine to peripheral tissues.
- Glycine, Arginine, and S-adenosyl methionine are involved in the production of Creatine.
- Gluconeogenesis is the process of generating glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors.
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Description
This quiz tests your understanding of glycolysis, cellular respiration, and related enzyme deficiencies. It covers topics such as NADH, lactate formation, and the effects of arsenate poisoning.
