Questions and Answers
What does a Phosphate Group consist of?
What is an Amino Group composed of?
A nitrogen bonded to two hydrogen atoms
Organic compounds with an amino group are called amines.
True
What is the defining feature of a Carbonyl Group?
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What is a Hydroxyl Group?
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What does a Sulfhydryl consist of?
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What does a Methyl Group consist of?
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Study Notes
Phosphate Group
- Composed of one phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms.
- Typically ionized, attaching to carbon skeleton via one oxygen atom.
Amino Group
- Contains a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and a carbon skeleton.
- Functions as a base by accepting H+ ions in solutions.
- Organic compounds featuring amino groups are classified as amines.
- Essential in amino acids, the fundamental units of proteins, which also possess a carboxyl group.
Carbonyl Group
- Features a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.
- If located at the end of a carbon chain, it characterizes aldehydes; if within the chain, it designates ketones.
- Commonly found in sugars, which also contain hydroxyl groups.
Hydroxyl Group
- Comprises a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an oxygen atom, with the oxygen connected to a carbon skeleton.
- Organic compounds that incorporate hydroxyl groups are known as alcohols.
Sulfhydryl Group
- Consists of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom.
- Important in the structure and function of proteins.
Carboxyl Group
- Contains both a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group.
- Plays a significant role in organic acids, such as acetic acid.
Methyl Group
- Comprised of a carbon atom attached to three hydrogen atoms.
- Imparts hydrophobic characteristics to molecules and is found in methylated compounds.
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Description
Explore the key functional groups in biochemistry, including phosphate, amino, carbonyl, hydroxyl, and sulfhydryl groups. This quiz will help you understand their structures, properties, and functions in organic compounds. Gain a deeper insight into how these groups contribute to the biochemistry of life.
