Biochemistry Exam Questions
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Questions and Answers

What is the process called for the removal of introns from mRNA?

  • Editing
  • Elongation
  • Polyadenylation
  • Splicing (correct)
  • What condition is characterized by excessive levels of potassium in the blood?

  • Hypernatremia
  • Hypermagnesemia
  • Hypercloremia
  • Hyperkalemia (correct)
  • Approximately 60-70% of body water exists in which compartment?

  • Intracellular fluid compartment (correct)
  • Joint space
  • Extracellular fluid compartment
  • Intravascular space
  • Molecules that facilitate the transfer of genetic information from one generation to the next are known as?

    <p>Nucleic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is involved in protein structure?

    <p>Amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification of carbohydrates includes simple sugars?

    <p>Monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Biochemistry Exam Questions

    Multiple Choice Questions

    • Removal of introns from mRNA is a process called splicing
    • Hyperkalemia is a condition characterized by excessive levels of potassium in the blood
    • Approximately 60-70% of body water exists in the intracellular fluid compartment
    • Nucleic acids are molecules responsible for transferring genetic information from one generation to the next

    Short Answer Questions

    Importance of Biochemistry in Medicine

    • Biochemistry plays a crucial role in understanding the underlying mechanisms of diseases and developing diagnostic tools
    • It helps in the discovery of new drugs and their mode of action
    • Biochemistry is essential for understanding the effects of nutrients and environmental factors on human health

    Protein Denaturation

    • Protein denaturation is the process of disrupting the native structure of a protein
    • It can be caused by various factors such as temperature, pH, and chemicals
    • Denaturation can lead to loss of protein function and aggregation

    Carbohydrates

    Monosaccharides

    • Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot be broken down into simpler sugars
    • Examples: glucose, fructose, galactose

    Oligosaccharides

    • Oligosaccharides are carbohydrates composed of 2-10 monosaccharide units
    • Examples: sucrose, lactose, maltose

    Polysaccharides

    • Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates composed of more than 10 monosaccharide units
    • Examples: starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin

    Classification of Amino Acids

    • Amino acids can be classified based on the nature of their R-group
    • Examples:
      • Non-polar amino acids: alanine, valine, leucine
      • Polar amino acids: serine, threonine, asparagine
      • Acidic amino acids: aspartic acid, glutamic acid
      • Basic amino acids: lysine, arginine, histidine

    Long Answer Questions

    Lipids

    • Lipids are biomolecules that are insoluble in water and serve as energy storage molecules
    • Functions:
      • Energy storage
      • Structural components of cells
      • Hormone production
      • Absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
    • Classifications:
      • Simple lipids: fats, oils, waxes
      • Complex lipids: phospholipids, glycolipids, lipoproteins
      • Derived lipids: steroids, fatty acids

    Proteins

    • Proteins are biomolecules composed of amino acids that perform a wide range of biological functions
    • Classification based on composition:
      • Simple proteins: composed of amino acids only
      • Conjugated proteins: composed of amino acids and non-protein molecules
      • Derived proteins: composed of modified amino acids
    • Functions:
      • Enzymatic catalysis
      • Structural roles
      • Transport of molecules
      • Regulation of metabolic pathways
      • Defense against pathogens

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    Description

    Multiple choice and short answer questions for a biochemistry exam, covering topics such as mRNA processing, blood conditions, body fluids, and genetics.

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