Questions and Answers
What is the process called for the removal of introns from mRNA?
What condition is characterized by excessive levels of potassium in the blood?
Approximately 60-70% of body water exists in which compartment?
Molecules that facilitate the transfer of genetic information from one generation to the next are known as?
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Which of the following is involved in protein structure?
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Which classification of carbohydrates includes simple sugars?
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Study Notes
Biochemistry Exam Questions
Multiple Choice Questions
- Removal of introns from mRNA is a process called splicing
- Hyperkalemia is a condition characterized by excessive levels of potassium in the blood
- Approximately 60-70% of body water exists in the intracellular fluid compartment
- Nucleic acids are molecules responsible for transferring genetic information from one generation to the next
Short Answer Questions
Importance of Biochemistry in Medicine
- Biochemistry plays a crucial role in understanding the underlying mechanisms of diseases and developing diagnostic tools
- It helps in the discovery of new drugs and their mode of action
- Biochemistry is essential for understanding the effects of nutrients and environmental factors on human health
Protein Denaturation
- Protein denaturation is the process of disrupting the native structure of a protein
- It can be caused by various factors such as temperature, pH, and chemicals
- Denaturation can lead to loss of protein function and aggregation
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
- Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot be broken down into simpler sugars
- Examples: glucose, fructose, galactose
Oligosaccharides
- Oligosaccharides are carbohydrates composed of 2-10 monosaccharide units
- Examples: sucrose, lactose, maltose
Polysaccharides
- Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates composed of more than 10 monosaccharide units
- Examples: starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin
Classification of Amino Acids
- Amino acids can be classified based on the nature of their R-group
- Examples:
- Non-polar amino acids: alanine, valine, leucine
- Polar amino acids: serine, threonine, asparagine
- Acidic amino acids: aspartic acid, glutamic acid
- Basic amino acids: lysine, arginine, histidine
Long Answer Questions
Lipids
- Lipids are biomolecules that are insoluble in water and serve as energy storage molecules
- Functions:
- Energy storage
- Structural components of cells
- Hormone production
- Absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
- Classifications:
- Simple lipids: fats, oils, waxes
- Complex lipids: phospholipids, glycolipids, lipoproteins
- Derived lipids: steroids, fatty acids
Proteins
- Proteins are biomolecules composed of amino acids that perform a wide range of biological functions
- Classification based on composition:
- Simple proteins: composed of amino acids only
- Conjugated proteins: composed of amino acids and non-protein molecules
- Derived proteins: composed of modified amino acids
- Functions:
- Enzymatic catalysis
- Structural roles
- Transport of molecules
- Regulation of metabolic pathways
- Defense against pathogens
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Description
Multiple choice and short answer questions for a biochemistry exam, covering topics such as mRNA processing, blood conditions, body fluids, and genetics.
