Questions and Answers
What is the process of removing introns from mRNA called?
What condition is referred to as excessive levels of potassium in the blood?
Approximately what percentage of body water exists in the intracellular fluid compartment?
Which molecules are responsible for transferring genetic information from one generation to the next?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of carbohydrate?
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What is the main function of proteins in the body?
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Study Notes
Biochemistry Exam Questions
Multiple Choice Questions
- Removal of introns from mRNA is a process called splicing
- Hyperkalemia is a condition characterized by excessive levels of potassium in the blood
- Approximately 60-70% of body water exists in the intracellular fluid compartment
- Nucleic acids are molecules responsible for transferring genetic information from one generation to the next
Short Answer Questions
Importance of Biochemistry in Medicine
- Biochemistry plays a crucial role in understanding the underlying mechanisms of diseases and developing diagnostic tools
- It helps in the discovery of new drugs and their mode of action
- Biochemistry is essential for understanding the effects of nutrients and environmental factors on human health
Protein Denaturation
- Protein denaturation is the process of disrupting the native structure of a protein
- It can be caused by various factors such as temperature, pH, and chemicals
- Denaturation can lead to loss of protein function and aggregation
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
- Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot be broken down into simpler sugars
- Examples: glucose, fructose, galactose
Oligosaccharides
- Oligosaccharides are carbohydrates composed of 2-10 monosaccharide units
- Examples: sucrose, lactose, maltose
Polysaccharides
- Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates composed of more than 10 monosaccharide units
- Examples: starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin
Classification of Amino Acids
- Amino acids can be classified based on the nature of their R-group
- Examples:
- Non-polar amino acids: alanine, valine, leucine
- Polar amino acids: serine, threonine, asparagine
- Acidic amino acids: aspartic acid, glutamic acid
- Basic amino acids: lysine, arginine, histidine
Long Answer Questions
Lipids
- Lipids are biomolecules that are insoluble in water and serve as energy storage molecules
- Functions:
- Energy storage
- Structural components of cells
- Hormone production
- Absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
- Classifications:
- Simple lipids: fats, oils, waxes
- Complex lipids: phospholipids, glycolipids, lipoproteins
- Derived lipids: steroids, fatty acids
Proteins
- Proteins are biomolecules composed of amino acids that perform a wide range of biological functions
- Classification based on composition:
- Simple proteins: composed of amino acids only
- Conjugated proteins: composed of amino acids and non-protein molecules
- Derived proteins: composed of modified amino acids
- Functions:
- Enzymatic catalysis
- Structural roles
- Transport of molecules
- Regulation of metabolic pathways
- Defense against pathogens
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Description
Practice questions covering various biochemistry topics, including mRNA splicing, electrolyte imbalance, and genetic information transfer.
