COPY: Biochemistry Chapter: Proteins and Their Functions
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Questions and Answers

What is the molecular weight of Prealbumin?

62 kDa

Prealbumin is an immature form of albumin.

False (B)

Prealbumin has a longer half-life compared to albumin.

False (B)

What is the primary function of Alpha1-Antitrypsin?

<p>Neutralizing trypsin and trypsin-like enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for Alpha1-Antitrypsin?

<p>Alpha1-Antiproteinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular weight of Alpha1-Antitrypsin?

<p>53 kDa</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common phenotype of Alpha1-Antitrypsin?

<p>MM phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

The SZ genotype is associated with a higher risk of emphysema.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of Alpha1-Antitrypsin in elastase regulation?

<p>To inhibit elastase activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of lung inflammation?

<p>Smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

What amino acid residue is oxidized by smoking in Alpha1-Antitrypsin?

<p>Methionine-358 (Met-358)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Reduced elastase activity leads to the formation of larger air spaces in the lungs.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The PiZZ genotype is particularly severe in emphysema patients due to a significant deficiency in functional alpha1-antitrypsin.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mutations in the alpha1-antitrypsin gene can alter the protein's shape, leading to aggregation.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is Alpha1-fetoprotein synthesized?

<p>In the yolk sac of the fetus and later by liver parenchyma cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Low levels of Alpha1-fetoprotein are associated with Down's syndrome.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular weight of Haptoglobin?

<p>90 kDa</p> Signup and view all the answers

Haptoglobin's half-life is shortened when it binds to hemoglobin.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular weight of Ceruloplasmin?

<p>160 kDa</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most of the copper in the blood is bound to Ceruloplasmin.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic liver disorder associated with low Ceruloplasmin levels?

<p>Wilson's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of enzyme is ferroxidase?

<p>A ferroxidase</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does CRP stand for?

<p>C-reactive protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for CRP levels?

<p>Less than 5</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most plasma proteins are synthesized in the liver.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Elevated levels of gamma globulins can indicate cancer.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Renal failure can lead to a decrease in all protein bands in circulation.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Prealbumin?

A protein that has a molecular weight of 62 kDa, it is also known as transthyretin.

Is Prealbumin an immature form of Albumin?

False. Prealbumin is not an immature form of albumin. It has a different structure and function.

Does prealbumin have a longer half-life than albumin?

False. Albumin has a longer half-life than prealbumin.

What's the main role of Alpha1-Antitrypsin?

Its primary function is to neutralize trypsin and trypsin-like enzymes, protecting tissues from damage.

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What's another name for Alpha1-Antitrypsin?

Alpha1-Antitrypsin is also known as Alpha1-Antiproteinase.

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What's the molecular weight of Alpha1-Antitrypsin?

It has a molecular weight of 53 kDa.

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What's the most common phenotype for Alpha1-Antitrypsin?

The most common phenotype for Alpha1-Antitrypsin is the MM phenotype.

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Does the SZ genotype increase the risk of emphysema?

True. The SZ genotype is associated with a higher risk of emphysema.

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What is the main role of Alpha1-Antitrypsin in elastase regulation?

Alpha1-Antitrypsin's main role in elastase regulation is to inhibit its activity.

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What is the most common cause of lung inflammation?

Smoking is the most common cause of lung inflammation. It damages the lungs and weakens defenses.

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Which amino acid in Alpha1-Antitrypsin is oxidized by smoking?

Methionine-358 (Met-358) in Alpha1-Antitrypsin is oxidized by smoking.

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Does reduced elastase activity lead to larger air spaces in the lungs?

False. Reduced elastase activity leads to the breakdown of lung tissue, resulting in smaller air spaces.

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Why is the PiZZ genotype particularly severe in emphysema patients?

True. The PiZZ genotype significantly reduces functional Alpha1-Antitrypsin, leading to severe emphysema.

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How do mutations in the alpha1-antitrypsin gene affect its structure?

Mutations in the alpha1-antitrypsin gene can alter the protein's shape, leading to aggregation, disrupting its function.

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Where is Alpha1-fetoprotein synthesized?

Alpha1-fetoprotein is synthesized in the yolk sac of the fetus and later by liver parenchyma cells.

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Are low levels of Alpha1-fetoprotein associated with Down's syndrome?

True. Low levels of Alpha1-fetoprotein are associated with Down's syndrome.

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What is the molecular weight of Haptoglobin?

It has a molecular weight of 90 kDa.

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Is Haptoglobin's half-life affected when it binds to hemoglobin?

True. Haptoglobin's half-life is shortened when it binds to hemoglobin.

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What is the molecular weight of Ceruloplasmin?

It has a molecular weight of 160 kDa.

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Is most of the copper in the blood bound to Ceruloplasmin?

True. Most of the copper in the blood is bound to Ceruloplasmin.

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What liver disorder is associated with low Ceruloplasmin levels?

Wilson's disease, a genetic liver disorder, is associated with low Ceruloplasmin levels.

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What type of enzyme is ferroxidase?

Ferroxidase is a type of enzyme.

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What does CRP stand for?

CRP stands for C-reactive protein.

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What is the normal range for CRP levels?

The normal range for CRP levels is less than 5 mg/L.

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Are most plasma proteins synthesized in the liver?

True. Most plasma proteins are synthesized in the liver, a vital organ for protein production.

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Can elevated levels of gamma globulins indicate cancer?

True. Elevated levels of gamma globulins can indicate cancer due to increased antibody production.

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Can renal failure lead to a decrease in all protein bands in circulation?

True. Renal failure can lead to a decrease in all protein bands in circulation.

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