6 Questions
¿Cuál es el enfoque principal de la bioquímica?
El estudio de los procesos químicos en los organismos vivos
¿Qué rama de la bioquímica se enfoca en el estudio de las enzimas y sus mecanismos de acción?
Enzimología
¿Cuál es el nombre de la ruta metabólica que implica la descomposición de la glucosa a piruvato?
Glicólisis
¿Qué tipo de biomolécula almacena información genética y la transmite de una generación a la siguiente?
Ácidos nucleicos
¿Cuál es la importancia principal de la bioquímica?
Entender los procesos químicos en los organismos vivos
¿Qué biomolécula se compone de cadenas de aminoácidos?
Proteínas
Study Notes
Biochemistry
Definition Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes that occur within living organisms. It is a branch of chemistry that focuses on the structure, function, and reactions of biomolecules, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Branches of Biochemistry
- Structural Biochemistry: studies the 3D structure of biomolecules and their relationships to function.
- Enzymology: studies enzymes, their kinetics, and mechanisms of action.
- Metabolic Biochemistry: studies the biochemical reactions involved in metabolic pathways.
Biomolecules
- Carbohydrates: sugars, starches, and fibers. Examples: glucose, fructose, sucrose.
- Proteins: chains of amino acids. Examples: enzymes, hormones, structural proteins.
- Lipids: fats, oils, waxes, and steroids. Examples: triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol.
- Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA. Store genetic information and transmit it from one generation to the next.
Metabolic Pathways
- Glycolysis: breakdown of glucose to pyruvate.
- Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle): breakdown of acetyl-CoA to CO2 and ATP.
- Oxidative Phosphorylation: generates ATP from the electron transport chain.
- Fatty Acid Oxidation: breakdown of fatty acids to acetyl-CoA.
Importance of Biochemistry
- Understanding Life Processes: biochemistry helps us understand how living organisms function, adapt, and respond to their environment.
- Medical Applications: biochemistry is crucial in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, and genetic disorders.
- Biotechnology: biochemistry is used in the development of new medicines, vaccines, and agricultural products.
Learn about the study of chemical processes in living organisms, including biomolecules, metabolic pathways, and its importance in understanding life processes and medical applications.
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