Biochemistry: Amphiprotic Substances Quiz

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What is the attractive interaction between dipoles that involves a hydrogen atom bonded to an atom of high electronegativity?

Hydrogen bond

How many hydrogen bonds can a water molecule form due to its bent arrangement?

4

According to Arrhenius theory, what is a substance that increases the concentration of H+ ions when dissolved in water?

Acid

In the context of bases, what is a substance that increases the concentration of OH- ions when dissolved in water?

Base Signup and view all the answers

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, what is a substance that donates a proton (H+) to another substance?

Acid Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonding does water exhibit, which is stronger due to its greater dipole moment?

Hydrogen bonding Signup and view all the answers

Define a Bronsted-Lowry Base.

A substance that accepts a proton (H+) from another substance. Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean for a substance to be amphiprotic?

It can both donate and accept a proton. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of equilibrium in the context of acids and bases.

Equilibrium favors the transfer of a proton between the stronger acid and stronger base to form the weaker acid and weaker base. Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of a strong acid?

Fully dissociates in solution and the conjugate base is weak. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the autoionization of water and its significance.

Autoionization of water is when a water molecule donates a proton to another water molecule. At 25°C, Kw = [H+] [OH-] = 1 x 10^-14. Signup and view all the answers

What defines a strong base and provide examples.

Strong bases fully dissociate in solution. Examples include alkali metal hydroxides (Na, K) and heavy alkaline metal hydroxides (Ca, Sr). Signup and view all the answers

Explain the relationship between hydrogen ion concentration and acetate ion concentration when a supply of acetate ions is added to the system.

The hydrogen ion concentration is no longer equal to the acetate ion concentration. Signup and view all the answers

What is the buffer capacity and how is it related to the titration curve of a weak acid and its conjugate base?

Buffer capacity is the quantity of an acid or a base that can be neutralized before drastic pH changes occur. It is related to the titration curve of the weak acid and its conjugate base. Signup and view all the answers

Which buffer system is the principal buffer in cells?

The H2PO4/HPO4 pair is the principal buffer in cells. Signup and view all the answers

How does the bicarbonate buffer system in blood help in maintaining the blood's pH?

The bicarbonate neutralizes excess acids in the blood while the carbonic acid neutralizes excess bases. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of blood pH falling below 6.8 or rising above 7.8?

If blood pH falls below 6.8 or rises above 7.8, one can become sick or die. Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical criteria for selecting a buffer?

Suitable pKa, no interference with the reaction or detection of the assay, suitable ionic strength, suitable solubility, non-biological nature. Signup and view all the answers

Biochemistry: Amphiprotic Substances Quiz

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