Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of bioavailability?

  • The fraction of the dose which reaches the systemic circulation as unchanged drug. (correct)
  • The extent to which the unchanged drug is absorbed from the gut lumen into the portal circulation.
  • The extent to which the drug is removed by the liver during its first passage in the portal blood through the liver to the systemic circulation.
  • The determination of safety and efficacy of a product.

    • What does bioavailability depend on?

  • First pass clearance
  • Fraction absorbed
  • Escaping first pass clearance
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What does bioavailability equal to based on the given formula?

  • First pass clearance * Escaping first pass clearance
  • Fraction absorbed * Escaping first pass clearance (correct)
  • Fraction absorbed * Fraction removed by the liver
  • None of the above

    • What is first pass clearance also known as?

    <p>First pass metabolism or first pass extraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor determines the fraction of the dose that reaches the systemic circulation as unchanged drug?

    <p>Fraction absorbed from the gut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the aim of bioavailability studies?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does first pass clearance refer to in pharmacokinetics?

    <p>Extent to which the drug is removed by the liver during its first passage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expression for the bioavailability as a product of two fractions?

    <p>F = fg * fH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of conducting bioavailability studies?

    <p>To determine safety and efficacy of a product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Definition of Bioavailability

    • Bioavailability refers to the proportion of a drug that enters systemic circulation when introduced into the body and is available for therapeutic effect.

    Factors Influencing Bioavailability

    • Bioavailability depends on several factors including drug formulation, route of administration, and the drug's chemical properties.

    Bioavailability Formula

    • The bioavailability can be expressed as the ratio of the amount of drug that reaches systemic circulation to the amount administered, factoring in first-pass clearance.

    First Pass Clearance

    • First pass clearance, also known as first-pass metabolism, is the process by which the concentration of a drug is significantly reduced before it reaches systemic circulation.

    Determinant of Unchanged Drug Fraction

    • The fraction of the dose that reaches systemic circulation as unchanged drug is determined by factors like absorption and first-pass metabolism.

    Aim of Bioavailability Studies

    • The primary aim of bioavailability studies is to assess the extent and rate at which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed and becomes available at the site of action.

    First Pass Clearance in Pharmacokinetics

    • First pass clearance refers to the metabolism of a drug that occurs in the liver and/or gut wall, significantly decreasing the amount of active drug reaching systemic circulation.

    Expression for Bioavailability

    • Bioavailability can be expressed as a product of two fractions: the fraction absorbed (F_a) and the fraction that escapes first-pass metabolism (F_h).

    Purpose of Conducting Bioavailability Studies

    • The main purpose of conducting bioavailability studies is to provide critical information that guides dosage form development, regulatory approval, and therapeutic effectiveness of a drug.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about bioavailability and bioequivalence, including concepts such as absorption, first pass clearance, and first pass metabolism.

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